陆地棉显性无腺体品系与常规品种间杂种优势利用研究 Ⅱ.配合力分析

以７个显性无腺体品系和４个常规品种（系）为材料，按ＮＣⅡ设计，对２８个组合的杂种Ｆ１进行分析，结果表明，１１个性状中，株高、衣分、纤维长度和马克隆值主要受基因加性效应控制，而籽棉产量、皮棉产量、单株铃数、铃重、籽指等同时受基因的加性和非加性效应控制。显无０７３是丰产的显性无腺体品系，而显无２６０是较好的优质品系，组合显无０７３×泗棉２号在重要性状上表现较好。     

陆地棉显性无腺体品系与常规品种间杂种优势利用研究 Ⅲ.杂种优势及其与配合力的相关

以７个显性无腺体陆地棉品系和４个常规品种为材料,按ＮＣⅡ设计,对２８个组合的Ｆ１杂种优势及其与配合力的相关进行了分析。结果表明：杂种Ｆ１具有明显优势,２８个组合所研究的１５个性状全部具有中亲优势,６个性状具有高亲优势,４个性状具有竞争优势;杂种Ｆ１各性状的竞争优势分别与父本、母本一般配合力效应值,父母本一般配合力效应平均值和组合特殊配合力效应值均有不同程度的相关,而以父母本一般配合力效应平均值与竞争优势的相关最密切且稳定。     

杂交棉不去雄人工制种技术研究

选用具有叶基无红斑这个隐性指示性状的棉花品种作母本,用具有相对显性性状的常规品种作父本,结合"柱头套管法"进行杂交棉不去雄人工制种,以人工去雄制种作对照,对两种制种方法的成铃率和异交率及杂交种子的部分农艺性状作了比较研究. 试验结果表明,用不去雄"柱头套管法"制种的异交率比人工去雄法的低8.4%,但前者的成铃率比后者的高6.6%,单铃种子重和单铃种子数分别比后者的重0.37 g,多3.16粒.     

冀东地区小麦冬春杂种F_1性状优势研究

利用冀东地区推广的春麦和冬麦品种,人工去雄组配成不同的杂交组合。两年的试验研究表明,冬春麦杂种Ｆ１在秋播条件下,冬性表现为部分显性;春播时,春性为显性。在杂种Ｆ１中,穗粒重优势最大,千粒重次之,再次为穗粒数。穗长、小穗数优势不太明显。讨论了利用冬麦和春麦杂交种的可能性及制种模式。     

显性无腺体基因在不同陆地棉遗传背景下对棉花农艺性状的影响

利用显性无腺体近等基因系研究了显性无腺体基因在３种不同陆地棉遗传背景下对棉花农艺性状的影响。结果表明：在所研究的性状上显性无腺体的作用方式相似,但遗传背景与腺体类型的互作效应在铃重、衣分、籽指、衣指、纤维伸长率上差异显著,显性无腺体基因在３种遗传背景下对产量和纤维品质无明显不良影响,但在衣分、籽指、衣指、纤维伸长率等性状上表现多效性。     

棉花三系杂种的研究和利用

以 2 2个三系杂种F1 和 2个杂种F2 为材料 ,以新陆早 1号和即将推广的新陆早 7号为双对照 ,1 997年在我校农学系试验站进行了第 4年的杂种比较和筛选试验。通过田间观察、室内考种、纤维品质分析、试验数据的方差分析和多重比较 ,特别是与两个对照品种两两对比 ,初步筛选出了标准优势强、纤维品质好的 3个强优组合 ,分别是PA× 61R 9、中A× 61R 9和 2A×中R 1 6。     

水稻体细胞无性系及其杂种F1粒形的遗传变异

比较了水稻体细胞无性系与供体亲本、体细胞无性系杂种F1与供体亲本杂种F1在8个谷粒性状上的差异,结果表明:体细胞无性系除千粒重及谷粒厚2性状显著小于亲本外,其余性状与亲本差异不显著;体细胞无性系杂种F1的长厚比显著大于亲本杂种F1,而谷粒厚则相反.聚类分析将53个体细胞无性系及53个相应的杂种F1分别聚为4类 ,R3及R1F2各类别间8个谷粒性状均存在极显著差异.R3与R1F2谷粒性状间的相关性表现也存在一定的差异.     

春黄瓜杂种一代早熟性的综合评判

运用模糊数学方法 ,对 1 0个春黄瓜杂种一代及两个对照品种的早熟性进行了多因素综合评判。通过对各杂种的综合评判指数的比较认为 :综合性状优于ck的只有 4号 ,可以扩大试验 ;2 ,3,6 ,1 1 ,1 3号与对照的综合性状无明显差异 ,它们的综合指标值较ck稍低 ,有待进一步试验观察 ;1 ,7,8,9,1 6号比ck的综合指标值都低 ,可予以淘汰     

皖棉13号的选育与应用开创了安徽省植棉史上的先河

1991年,安徽省农科院棉花研究所利用自育的低酚棉新品系168与泗棉3号优选系杂交,选配出大量组合,并研究了芽黄、鸡脚叶、低酚等指示性状,发现低酚棉与常酚棉间杂交F1、F2杂种优势强且容易鉴定杂交种的纯度,并于1993年配组杂交新组合“皖杂40”。经过6年试验示范,1998年通过安徽省农作物品种审定委员会审定,定名为皖棉13号。1999年经专家鉴定,该品种为强优势组合,大面积推广应用增产十分显著,稳产性好,适应性强。 一、生产应用 表现突出     

海滨锦葵杂交后代的RAPD分析

报道了海滨锦葵植物基因组DNA的提取方法、RAPD(随机扩增多态性)-PCR(聚合酶链式反应)反应程序及RAPD标记对海滨锦葵两对组合亲本及其杂交后代进行的分子鉴定.初筛出的38个引物中有20个(52.6%)能在J2×J1组合亲本间扩增出31条特征带,初筛出的32个引物中有8个能在J3×J4组合亲本间扩增出12条特征带.组合J2×J1的8个杂交后代用OPB15引物扩增后均表现出父本J2的特征带,是真杂种;组合J3×J4的28个后代用引物OPB15扩增后,表现父本特征带的F1代个体数为24个,为真杂种,其余4个为假杂种.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to