毫米波遥控弹道修正弹拦截机动 反舰导弹命中概率的仿真研究

提出了修正拦截流的概念,建立了舰载毫米波遥控指令弹道修正弹（MMW-RCTCM）拦截机动反舰导弹空袭流的防空射击模型。研究了单发MMW-RCTCM对单一机动反舰导弹的命中概率、修正拦截流对单一机动反舰导弹的命中概率以及修正拦截流对机动反舰导弹空袭流的命中概率。根据当前的技术发展状况,分析了攻防双方的技术参数,并据此对各种典型攻防模式下的命中概率进行了仿真计算。计算结果表明,与无控弹丸相比,MMW-RCTCM对机动反舰导弹的拦截效率成倍提高,且能够有效防御超音速反舰导弹的高强度攻击。     

弹道修正防空弹药飞行最优控制方法研究

结合高炮弹药修正的特点，利用最优控制理论基于能量消耗最少的准则推导出弹道特征参数的控制策略。通过仿真得到了在固定起点和固定终点条件下，弹道修正弹最优飞行弹道倾角和速度随时间的变化曲线，以及弹丸变轨需要侧向过载的变化情况。结果表明侧向过载的变化情况符合脉冲力的变化规律，反映出该控制方法在一定程度上可满足弹道修正弹脉冲力的控制要求。     

基于修正质点弹道模型的双旋弹控制效果分析

针对一类固定鸭舵双旋弹,提出基于修正质点弹道模型的控制效果分析方法.将前体鸭舵滚转角作为控制量,在地面坐标系中建立了固定鸭舵双旋弹的6自由度外弹道模型.在鸭舵滚转角保持常值的条件下推导了动力平衡角计算公式,并得到修正质点弹道模型.给出了射程方向修正加速度和侧偏方向修正加速度的计算公式,并提出主导修正系数的定义.分析了主导修正系数对修正方向和修正距离的影响,说明该系数是决定固定鸭舵双旋弹控制效果的关键因素之一.仿真示例表明,用动力平衡角可以近似估算弹丸的攻角而且修正质点外弹道模型与6自由度外弹道模型的位置计算结果接近.      

双旋弹丸弹道修正组件控制响应模型研究

为提高靶场试验中修正组件的打击精度,获得更好的滚转控制效果,评估滚转控制算法和弹道修正策略的性能,建立具有实际指导意义的双旋弹丸弹道修正弹修正组件控制响应模型,提出了一种数值仿真与试验测试相结合的执行机构建模方法.该方法通过获取双旋执行机构在阶跃冲击下的时域响应特性,结合拉氏变换计算传递函数,建立电磁控制力矩动态响应模型;通过飞行试验进一步获得准确的气动力矩和隔转阻尼力矩模型,建立了双旋弹道修正组件固定鸭舵滚转控制响应模型.风洞环境下的控制试验结果表明:双旋弹丸弹道修正组件控制响应模型能够以较高的精度评估组件动态控制响应特性,误差小于1.5%.试验验证了建模方法的可行性,也为后续弹道修正策略和控制算法研究提供了精确可靠的分析模型.      

一维弹道修正弹气动布局与修正能力研究

为提高炮弹密集度,对采用阻力环装置的一维弹道修正弹进行了研究.基于牛顿流理论建立了一维弹道修正弹阻力环结构的附加阻力系数工程算法,通过数值分析和风洞实验研究了不同阻力环结构的气动力特性,对阻力环在弹道上不同位置的作用对弹道修正能力的影响进行了数值计算和炮射试验研究.结果表明:气动力和修正弹道的计算值和实验值基本一致,该文分析的阻力环气动布局结构对一维弹道修正弹设计有借鉴作用,研究提出的阻力环气动力算法和修正弹道算法可以作为该弹弹道设计的工具.研究结果为一维弹道修正弹的弹道设计提供了依据.     

简易修正弹末段弹道修正能力分析与优化设计

该文以脉冲发动机作为某型迫弹修正执行机构，进行末段弹道修正研究，建立了简易修正弹道模型，给出了脉冲选择和点火算法方案，分析了影响修正能力的关键因素，确定了优化设计数学模型。通过采用Poweu优化算法结合外点罚函数法进行了仿真计算，结果表明：该文给出的修正机构数学模型对简易修正弹的结构研制和性能改进具有实用价值。     

基于脉冲控制的末段修正弹道研究

针对迫弹的末段弹道修正问题,建立了基于脉冲控制的飞行动力学模型.结合弹道模型,分析了脉冲个数、脉冲力大小、布置位置、弹丸转速、脉冲作用时间等脉冲参数和弹道参数对末段修正能力和弹道特性的影响规律.以某迫弹和给定的脉冲控制修正方案为例,进行了末段弹道仿真计算,得到了关于修正能力的定量仿真结果和末段修正过程中迫弹攻角变化曲线.研究结果表明了末段脉冲控制修正弹道偏差的有效性,也为末段修正迫弹的脉冲控制方案设计提供了一定的理论基础.     

拟线性最优平滑滤波在一维弹道修正弹中的应用

为一维弹道修正弹控制指令的形成,打击精度的提高,采用拟线性最优平滑滤波算法对雷达测量的一段飞行参数进行滤波。滤除雷达的量测噪声,然后再外推弹道落点,比较计算弹道偏差。通过仿真表明,拟线性最优平滑滤波算法可较快的减小具有较大幅值和随机性的量测飞行参数噪声。即使在不正确的滤波初始值情况下,该算法仍能较快的跟上飞行状态量,较普通推广卡尔曼滤波有更好的稳定性和收敛性,说明该算法应用于一维弹道修正弹是可行的,且可靠性更高。     

一种基于过程噪声控制的弹道滤波方案

弹道滤波是精确获取弹箭飞行弹道参数的关键技术之一.当采用卡尔曼滤波进行弹道滤波时,系统模型偏差可能导致滤波精度的降低.以某低旋尾翼弹为对象,对此问题进行了研究.提出一个较精确且便于工程应用的扩展质点弹道模型,由此建立了弹箭飞行状态方程;在坐标雷达体制下建立了量测方程;仿真分析了系统模型偏差对弹道滤波性能的影响,并提出一个基于过程噪声控制的弹道滤波方案.仿真结果表明:该方案可有效克服模型偏差的不利影响,弹箭侧偏的估计误差可减小50%以上,且系统计算量增加较少.研究结果可为弹道滤波的工程应用提供一定的参考.     

一维弹道修正引信弹道修正策略分析

针对一维弹道修正引信阻力机构增阻能力有限的问题,采用概率与数理统计方法,以落入指定幅员区域弹丸数量最多为原则,对一维弹道修正弹药所需提前瞄准量、最大射程修正量进行分析. 研究结果表明,采用只对部分弹丸进行修正,提前瞄准量是所需最大射程修正量的1/2,且为无修正弹丸落点纵向误差标准差2倍左右时,修正策略为最佳选择. 以某155 mm榴弹对象,进行蒙特卡洛打靶仿真分析,验证了该修正策略的正确性. 该修正策略能以较小的提前瞄准量及所需最大射程修正量,使射程精度得到最大程度的改善,特别适用于阻力机构增阻能力有限的一维弹道修正引信.      

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-