遥感地质解译及矿化蚀变信息提取在矿产资源评价中的应用

选取Landsat7ETM+和ASTER为遥感信息提取的数据源,基于ETM+数据进行信息提取,结合ASTER数据处理结果进行对比验证,对青海省白日其利地区金矿勘查区进行遥感资源评价。通过遥感影像预处理、地质解译标志建立、影像目视解译获取区内岩性与构造解译图、遥感蚀变信息的提取、圈定找矿靶区等步骤,预测了4个成矿远景区,为后续找矿奠定了基础。     

遥感技术在黄石山多金属矿成矿预测中的应用

本文利用ETM+遥感影像,进行研究区构造解译和矿化蚀变信息提取,并综合分析区域地质化探、物探等信息,建立适用于研究区的遥感找矿模式,圈定找矿远景区,用于指导区域找矿。     

西安里矽卡岩型铁矿成矿预测区的研究

应用遥感蚀变信息提取和遥感解译相结合的方法,对山西省西安里矽卡岩型铁矿有关蚀变形成的特征波谱信息进行提取,综合分析了影像特征和线性构造、环状构造的特点,初步圈定了该地区新的邯邢式矽卡岩型铁矿区域。根据遥感蚀变信息异常、影像地质特征,结合遥感地质解译特征进行了铁矿资源潜力评价,建立了该地区的预测模型,并且通过后期野外地质工作得到了相应的验证。     

模糊逻辑模型在珠勒地区遥感找矿中的应用

近年来遥感技术在地质矿产勘察中发挥着重要作用，基于多源遥感数据对蚀变矿物的提取在工作中大大缩减了靶区范围和时间成本。本文基于Landsat-9、ASTER和Sentinel-2遥感数据开展西藏珠勒地区的矿物蚀变信息的增强与提取。通过线性隶属函数将多源遥感数据主成分分析(PCA)中的特征分量归一化后采用Fuzzy Gamma算子进行叠加绘制找矿靶区。实验中γ参数的设置分别是0.7、0.75、0.8、0.85和0.9，最终经过试验测定γ=0.85效果相对较好。实验共圈定了8个靶区，通过野外调查验证了该方法在高海拔地区靶区圈定的可行性。同时，野外调查结果显示该地区发育高硫型浅成低温热液蚀变矿物组合，具有斑岩-浅成低温热液矿床的成矿潜力。     

川西乡城-稻城-得荣地区遥感信息与矿化关系

川西乡城-稻城-得荣地区成矿地质条件良好,是斑岩型铜矿的重点勘探区域.以ETM 图像数据为信息源,运用比值变换和主成分分析技术,进行数据融合和图像增强处理,提取构造和近矿围岩蚀变信患;通过与矿床(点)、地球化学异常等信息叠加,开展川西地区与云南中旬地区重要斑岩成矿带蚀变、区域地球化学异常等综合信患的对比研究,根据物探、化探、遥感的解译成果圈定成矿远景区.因此在遥感信息中提取直接找矿信息(控矿构造和蚀变信息)是有效、经济、快速的地质调查方法.     

铀矿矿化蚀变信息定量提取方法研究

遥感蚀变信息的定量化提取旨在应用遥感图像处理技术和统计学方法,对成矿区域范围内的示矿要素进行增强处理,并以地物光谱特征的统计值为依据,定量化提取与矿化密切相关的蚀变岩层,为快速识别区域成矿远景、直接预测找矿靶区,提供直观的找矿决策依据。通过对铀矿遥感多光谱数据各波段及波段比值进行特征统计分析,提出了铀矿矿化蚀变由含水矿化物、植被指数、综合蚀变因子所影响,确立了定量提取模型。实验结果表明,获取的铀矿蚀变异常对找矿具有一定的参考价值。     

内蒙古万合永火山盆地遥感构造解译

万合永火山盆地位于大兴安岭南端,沽源—红山子铀成矿带的北东段,中生代火山活动非常频繁且强烈。利用Geoeye-1遥感数据,采用目视解译的方法,对万合永火山盆地进行了线、环构造解译,经过后期野外地质查证,并结合研究区已有的地质资料,得出了该区断裂构造分布规律,并划分出NE向和NW向为主的线性构造格局。根据解译出的构造信息,并结合研究区的矿化、遥感蚀变等信息,圈定出了四处找矿有利地段,从而为下一步的矿产勘查提供依据。     

遥感技术在鹤庆北衙金矿找矿中的应用

遥感技术能以较低的成本快速地提供更多更有效的地质异常信息,在分析云南省鹤庆北衙金矿的区域地质背景和控矿规律的基础上,通过目视解译的方法对该区的线性构造和环形构造进行了解译,并利用MORPAS软件对其进行详细的定量分析,绘制了线环构造等密度和优益度的等值线图。并分析蚀变异常的光谱反映特征,提出增强铁化和硅化蚀变异常的方法,从ETM影像中利用比值和主成份分析的方法提取与金矿有关的铁化、硅化蚀变异常信息,解译效果良好,最后综合分析圈定出三处最有利的找矿远景区。     

遥感找矿在新疆阿尔沙特地区的应用

阿尔沙特位于阿勒泰北部地区,是我国著名的有色金属、稀有金属及贵金属成矿区,但由于自然环境和地质条件较差,对地质找矿工作造成一定难度。通过应用遥感技术提取的地质构造信息、蚀变信息、伟晶岩信息等,基于这些遥感数据的分析对该区伟晶岩矿床圈定了8个找矿远景区,并对其中的两个远景区进行了预测,为以后地质找矿提供参考。     

湖南九嶷山天鹅寨火山杂岩体后遥感技术应用与铀成矿潜力分析

在总结天鹅寨火山杂岩体地质、航放、航磁、放射性伽玛场特征及放射性水化学特征研究基础上,结合遥感解译资料,认为SN向、EW向线性断裂、环形构造为主要控矿构造,放射性伽玛场及水化学异常点受SN向线性断裂控制明显。通过运用后遥感应用技术开展成矿潜力分析,优选出4个找矿靶区:牛角龙—长冲—桃源坪找矿靶区(Ⅰ级)、鸡冠石—小洞—初冲找矿靶区(Ⅱ级)、上庙龙冲—桐木垒—八亩田找矿靶区(Ⅱ级)、高家坪—小坪源找矿靶区(Ⅲ级)。为该区下步找矿指明了方向。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to