凉水井矿综采工作面粉尘运移规律数值仿真

为研究凉水井矿42112综采工作面粉尘运移规律,基于Fluent数值仿真软件,选用标准k-epsilon湍流模型以及DPM计算模型建立了气-固两相流的粉尘运移数学和物理模型。用数值仿真及现场实测的方法研究了凉水井矿综采工作面风流运动情况,以及在移架和割煤时粉尘的运移规律和悬浮时间。研究表明:风流沿工作面在速度上表现出"小-大-小"的规律,速率和湍流强度在采煤机附近达到最大,在人行道空间有一定的低值区域。移架产生的粉尘一部分随风流运动,另一部分因粒径不同沉降到巷道底板不同位置。采煤机割煤产生的大粒径粉尘在重力作用下逐渐沉降,小粒径粉尘随气流继续运动,粉尘浓度最大处为前后滚筒附近及后滚筒下风向10 m左右靠近煤壁一侧区域,但扩散性不大,随着粉尘团向后移动,影响范围不断扩大,直至向整个工作面弥散。综采工作面粉尘在距底板1 m处粉尘浓度最高且分布范围最广,在巷道上部空间,直径大于100μm的粉尘粒子迅速沉降,而随着粒径减小,粉尘悬浮时间也逐渐延长。本研究可为综采工作面除尘、抑尘提供参考。     

梁北矿大采高松软突出煤层工作面综合防尘技术

分析了梁北矿11081工作面粉尘分布特点,通过理论分析和现场测试,定性给出了大采高松软突出煤层综采工作面的产尘特点和扩散规律,分析了煤壁垮落产尘特点和采煤机割煤产尘中粉尘分布特征。提出综采工作面三维"立体"控尘、防尘技术,即含尘气流控制技术、采煤机高压外喷雾降尘技术和采煤机尘源跟踪降尘技术相结合的综合防尘技术。在原有降尘措施基础上降尘效率提高了82.2%,使得工作面工作环境得到了很大的改善。     

普采工作面呼吸性粉尘浓度分布的数学模型

普采工作面是煤矿主要尘源之一,而采煤机滚筒割煤是普采工作面粉尘的主要来源.将采煤机滚筒简化成沿高度方向的连续集中线源,依据扩散理论,建立滚筒割煤时呼吸性粉尘扩散的数学模型.结合工作面物理模型,得出工作面呼吸性粉尘浓度分布的表达式.通过计算实例,分析了普采工作面呼吸性粉尘浓度分布规律及其影响因素.     

综采割煤粉尘运移影响因素的数值模拟

为解决综采割煤粉尘质量浓度高的问题,获取粉尘控制的合理参数,改善作业环境,以邢东矿2225工作面为研究背景,依据气固两相流理论,运用Fluent软件对综采工作面割煤粉尘运动规律进行数值模拟,并与现场实测的粉尘质量浓度分布情况进行对比分析,模拟结果与实际数据基本一致.研究结果表明:工作面风速、采煤机滚筒转速、溜子速度以及壁面条件是影响综采工作面粉尘质量浓度分布的几个重要因素.当工作面平均风速在1.4m·s-1,滚筒转速不超过2.5rad·s-1,溜子速度不超过1.5m·s-1,防降尘效果最佳.同时洒水保持煤壁湿润也起到一定的捕尘作用.     

采煤机截割粉尘扩散运移规律的试验研究

采煤机割煤滚筒旋转形成涡旋风流是导致割煤截割粉尘扩散运移的直接原因.通过对成庄煤矿某综放工作面采煤机割煤滚筒受限空间截割粉尘现场实测,分析研究截割粉尘在不同条件下扩散运移的基本规律,得出无论是顺风割煤还是逆风割煤,涡旋风流场对截割粉尘的作用主要发生在割煤滚筒靠近采煤机机身侧的下1/4圆周区域,并使该区域顺风割煤时截割呼吸性粉尘质量浓度达到95 mg/m~3,逆风割煤时呼吸性粉尘质量浓度达到110mg/m~3,远远高于国家有关标准和要求.     

综放工作面粉尘运动的数值模拟及试验研究

运用气固两相流动理论建立了粉尘颗粒的离散型数学模型,采用Fluent软件,对成庄矿3309综放工作面的粉尘运动分布规律进行了数值模拟和实测.结果表明:利用数值模拟方法可以得到粉尘颗粒的运动分布特征,工作面割煤、移架、放顶煤各工序过程粉尘的浓度分布规律不同,粉尘浓度出现最大值的位置不同,难以沉降的呼吸性粉尘的分布区域也不同;经对比实测数据与模拟结果较为一致.研究结果可以为现场防尘技术措施提供理论性指导.     

综采工作面割煤作业粉尘运移扩散规律模拟

为掌握矿井采煤工作面粉尘运移扩散规律、对井下综采工作面空间防尘系统设计提供依据,以新街台格庙矿区规划的大采高工作面为研究背景,运用Solidworks和ANSYS软件建立采煤工作面几何物理模型,结合气固两相流理论对采煤机割煤作业粉尘运动情况进行数值模拟。对比分析不同入口风速、采煤机工作方式和粉尘粒径时工作面粉尘浓度分布特征。结果表明：工作面风速在沿程方向上整体呈现低-高-低的波动趋势,在采空区至煤壁方向上逐渐增高;在采煤机下风侧滚筒截煤粉尘叠加形成长度达60 m的高浓度粉尘区,浓度超2 000 mg/m³;采面入口风速是影响粉尘浓度的主要因素,采面粉尘峰值浓度与沿程浓度随风速增加而降低;采煤机工作方式改变使得粉尘浓度在水平高度上分布出现显著差异,造成粉尘重点防治区域变化;粉尘粒径越小,工作面呼吸带高度粉尘峰值浓度越高,粉尘颗粒漂浮现象越明显。研究结果有效掌握了大采高工作面粉尘运移扩散规律,为工作面防尘布置提供参考,对实现综采工作面的安全开采具有指导意义。     

浅谈综采工作面大倾角浅截深割煤控制顶板工艺

详细介绍了综采工作面大倾角浅截深割煤控制顶板工艺，包括浅截深割煤操作工序，采煤机割煤工序，浅截深割煤的移架工艺，并分析了浅截深往复单循环作业的优点。     

基于CFD综采面多尘源风流—粉尘分布规律分析

基于气固两相流理论,采用数值模拟的方法,对截割工序和移架工序两处主要尘源的产尘情况进行了研究。结果表明：液压支架移架工序主要会对产尘点下风侧0～40 m的区域内进行污染。采煤机截割工序在两滚筒处产生的粉尘质量浓度较高,约为3 g/m³。两处尘源几乎覆盖了从移架工序到回风巷的人行道全部区域。将模拟数据和现场测定的粉尘质量浓度值进行了对比,平均误差为10.02%,可见数值模拟的结果是合理的,可以为井下粉尘防治提供一定的理论依据。     

智能综采机组控制目标及采煤机割煤高度控制方法

煤矿智能化是煤炭安全高效生产的发展方向,综采智能化是煤矿智能化的关键环节,但智能综采机组的控制目标目前并不明晰,这严重制约了智能综采的发展。在系统分析综采工作面采煤机、液压支架和刮板输送机这3个主要设备之间的空间动态联接特性基础上,通过分析采煤机滚筒割煤高度变化规律,揭示了采煤工艺过程中工作面顶底板不平自行加剧机理,提出了采煤机滚筒割煤高度误差估算方法;结合综采工艺过程调查和经验,明确提出综采机组控制基本目标是保证工作面工程质量,构建综采机组控制关键指标,指出煤岩界面并不是控制采煤机滚筒割煤高度的基本目标,建立一种以“顶底板平”为目标的采煤机割煤高度控制的非线性规划模型,为综采面采煤机自适应割煤控制提供了一种方法,为智能综采机组控制明确了目标。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to