自跟踪滤波器的设计

提出了一种自跟踪滤波器的结构和设计方法,输入信号预处理并整形后产生频率信号,频率信号经F/V电路转换成电压信号,再将该电压信号输入到以模拟乘法器MLT04和电流反馈运算放大器AD844为核心构成的压控滤波电路。通过该电压信号调节滤波器的截止频率,从而实现滤波器频率的自动跟踪。详细介绍了设计原理,推导出了设计公式。设计出了自跟踪一阶滤波器的各种电路形式。经过仿真实现了滤波器截止频率在10kHz-100kHz范围内的连续跟踪变化。     

一种非线性电子负载基准电流的产生方法

输入基准电流的产生是非线性电子负载设计的关键技术,若采用谐波叠加的方式,必须已知基准电流的谐波信息,而且无法实现对任意参数非线性负载的模拟。为了克服传统方式的缺陷,以桥式整流非线性负载电路为例,在分析其状态方程的基础上,提出依据整流电路参数,直接产生相应输入基准电流波形的方法。在硬件实现上,综合速度和资源因素,采用CORDIC和插值相结合的算法,减少了对时钟周期和硬件资源的消耗。通过MATLAB和QuartusⅡ软件仿真,验证了该方法能够消耗较少的时钟周期和硬件资源,产生与理论电流波形相一致的非线性电子负载基准电流。     

多输入单输出N阶CCCⅡ-C电流模式滤波器

为了实现结构简单且截止频率可调的多功能N阶电流模式滤波器,提出了一种多输入单输出多功能N阶CCCⅡ(电流控制第二代电流传输器)-C(电容)电流模式滤波器的设计方法.该方法利用信号流图理论构造出N阶多输入单输出电流模式滤波器的信号流图,再根据信号流图综合出滤波器电路.用该方法可以实现出N阶低通、带通、高通及带阻电流模式滤波器.N阶滤波器电路仅由N个CCCⅡ,N个电容及一个多端输出的电流镜构成,且电路中的CCCⅡ仅为CCCⅡ (同相CCCⅡ)而无CCCⅡ-(反相CCCⅡ).通过改变CCCⅡ的外接直流偏置电流可以调节滤波器的截止频率.另外,用该方法所设计的电路参数仅由标准传递函数分母的两项系数之比决定.最后对截止频率为100 kHz的四阶巴特沃斯滤波器进行了仿真,验证了该方法及电路的正确性.     

基于共轭梯度算法的跟踪-微分器

针对跟踪-微分器中存在着确定待定参数的问题,将共轭梯度算法的思想引入参数整定,提出了基于共轭梯度算法的跟踪-微分器的设计方法。运用该方法可以对任意阶的跟踪-微分器进行参数设计。大量仿真算例表明,设计出的跟踪-微分器具有良好的鲁棒性,有一定工程应用参考价值。     

一种修正Chebyshev滤波器基本环节系数的算法

本文提出了按3dB截止频率修正CNLF(Chebyshev归一化低通滤波器)基本环节系数的一种算法,并将其引入计算机设计程序中,使任意阶次、任意纹波幅度的Chebyshev滤波器的设计得以高精度高速度地完成.     

一个新分数阶混沌系统的分析与同步

提出一个新的同量阶2.7阶分数阶混沌系统,基于预估-校正时域法,采用Matlab绘制了该分数阶混沌系统的相轨迹图、Lyapunov指数图和分岔图,并用数值仿真验证了该系统在一定参数变化范围内存在混沌吸引子.研究该分数阶混沌系统的同步问题,基于极点配置方法以及扩展的非线性状态观测器理论,设计了一种投影同步方案.数值仿真与理论分析的结果一致,充分验证了该同步方案的可行性和有效性.     

新型折线形共面EBG电源层结构的噪声抑制特性验证与分析

提出一种新型折线形共面EBG电源层结构,进行了SSN抑制特性仿真分析和实际应用测试.保持金属连接线缝隙宽度为0.2 mm不变,设计宽度分别为0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 mm的4种共面EBG电源层结构.仿真结果可以得出,金属连接线宽度为0.2 mm的共面EBG电源层结构中心截止频率最低,相对阻带带宽较高,相对特性最优.将金属连接线宽度为0.2 mm的共面EBG电源层结构基于印刷电路板工艺制成PCB电路板.通过矢量网络分析仪进行了实际测试,得出的抑制特性参数曲线与仿真曲线走势基本一致,验证了该设计的有效性.      

基于Tow-Thomas二阶节的椭圆低通滤波器的设计

针对滤波器的设计问题,为了提高滤波器的性能,方便滤波器的参数调整,简化滤波器的设计过程,提出了基于Tow—Thomas二阶节的椭圆低通滤波器的一种设计方法。根据给定的设计指标,首先利用MATLAB求出满足指标要求的数值传递函数,然后根据Tow-Thomas二阶节的电路结构求出其符号传递函数,再将数值传递函数与符号传递函数进行比较,综合出电路中各元件的计算公式,文中给出了设计实例并进行了PSPICE仿真,结果表明其性能完全能达到设计要求。该方法对任意阶椭圆低通滤波器都实用。     

步态训练机器人控制系统仿真研究

步态训练机器人是一种可以模拟在不同路况下行走的机器人．针对控制系统能够适应不同路况的要求,设计了一种适应负载、速度变化的变参数PID控制器,并建立了控制系统模型．在MATLAB环境下,对控制系统进行了仿真分析．仿真结果表明,平地行走、上楼梯和下楼梯3种步态轨迹的跟踪曲线均具有良好的运行特性;控制器适应了速度、负载变化的影响,满足机器人对不同路况模拟的各项要求．该研究为步态训练机器人对不同路况的进一步模拟研究奠定了基础．     

交流伺服系统的一种PIλDμ控制器设计方法

针对交流伺服系统,建立了数学模型,并设计了一种分数阶PIλDμ控制器设计.在利用传统PID参数整定方法确定比例增益kp、积分增益k1和微分增益kd的基础上,结合相位裕度定义,在相位裕度和截止频率给定的情况下完成积分阶次λ和微分阶次μ的设计.在求解积分阶次成λ和微分阶次μ时,采用一种简单易行的图解方法,巧妙地将求解一组非线性方程的问题转化为绘制两曲线求交点的问题.仿真结果表明,相对于传统PID控制器,本文设计的PIλDμ控制器,跟踪响应快,抗干扰能力强,鲁棒性好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the