Negative Influence of Confucianism on Chinese Mode of Thinking

As the leading ideology of the ancient China, Confucianism has its deep influence on the spirit and behavior of the Chinese people. This paper suggests that among all the influences Confucianism has brought to the Chinese people, those negative ones on the Chinese mode of thinking are barricades of the Chinese social development and should be avoided. The article studies this issue by involving such theories as the Five Constant Virtues[1] of a human being and the Five Cardinal Hierarchical Relations[2] in the Confucian ideology as well as the group mind theory[3] in the psychology.     

Growth and microstructure of AlN whiskers and dendrites

AlN whiskers or dendrites were synthesized with asublimation-recrystallization method by using Al, AlN powders and some additives as raw materials.Whiskers with different sizes that featured high purity and good crystallinity were obtained by controlling temperature and gas supersaturation in the reaction container. The whiskers were described as long and straight single crystals of approximately 1-30 μm in diameter by the centimeter range in length. However, AlN dendrites were about 1mm in diameter by 0.5cm in length,and showed an obviously preferential growth orientation, i.e., perpendicular to[2111] and[1011] planes. It is concluded that the whiskers or dendrites grow via the vapor-solidmechanism.     

Contributions of a Position Amino Acid Residues to the Conformational Stability of GCN4 Leucine Zipper

Introduction Coiled coils[1] are widespread structures found in many natural proteins, such as structural proteins, transcrip- tion factors, receptor proteins, and enzymes[2,3]. Coils are the dominant structure in many fibrous proteins and the oligomeriza…     

关于多级火箭的最佳质量比(英文)

In 1955-1956, M. Vertregt introduced the problem about the least take-off weight of step-rockets and gave a matbematieal model of this problem as well as some calculations~[1]. In 1957, M. L, Williams followed up the study and pointed Out that G_(CN) and G_(TN) satisfied the following relation~[2] G_(CN)=[V_(CN)~((1))+V_(CN)~((2))]G_(TN)+V_(CN)~((3))G_n, thereby developing the mathematical model in [1]. For details see [2] (in which the significance of symbols, such as G_(CN) etc. was explained).     

Can the occurrence of rare insertion/deletion polymor-phisms in human mtDNA be verified from phylogeny?

Owing to its maternal inheritance, absence of re-combination and high evolution rate, mtDNA has been widely used in unraveling the migration history of modern human and in medical genetics as well as in forensic prac-tice[1,2]. Compared with the Cambridge reference sequence (CRS) which was first sequenced in 1981[3] and the later revised CRS[4], insertions and deletions (indel) occur fre-quently in the mtDNA sequences available. Some of the indel polymorphisms are characteristic to mtDNA…     

CHARACTERISTICS OF AKD EMULSION PREPARED BY CATIONIC STARCH WITH WELL-DEFINED STRUCTURES

INTRODUCTIONS:Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD) has been used as a sizing agent for more than 50 years in papermaking process. Sauer [1] synthesised the first AKD in 1947 before Downey [2] developed and patented it in 1953. Since then, many modifications have been made to the AKD emulsion with introduction of starches and polymers to optimise the sizing efficiency, stability of the emulsion and also to reduce the AKD hydrolysis rate [3, 4]. Cationic starches were developed in the 1960s to ov…     

SHRIMP U-Pb zircon ages for the UHP metamorphosed granitoid gneiss in Altyn Tagh and their geological significance

Different types of UHP metamorphic rocks havebeen recently discovered in the Altyn Tagh[1—4], the north-ern margin of Qadam Basin[5—7], the southwestern Tian-shan Mountains[8,9] and the northern Qinling Moun-tains[10,11] in Central and Western China. And these areashave attracted focus attention of geologists at home andabroad to the studying of UHP metamorphism and conti-nental deep subduction. However, as newly discoveredUHP metamorphic terranes, some questions have beenarisen abou…     

Alternative Models of Iron and Cobalt Catalysts for Ethylene Oligomerization and Polymerization

1 Results Great progresses have been made in the field of transition metal-based complexes as catalytic precursors for olefin oligomerization and polymerization,in which the core subjects will remain as "know and how" to develop novel catalysts both in academic and industrial consideration.The key advantage of iron and cobalt catalyst for ethylene polymerization is to produce vinyl-type polyethylenes.Therefore following the pioneering works of bis(imino) pyridyl iron and cobalt catalyst by Brookhart[1] and Gibson[2] in 1998,there have been many contributions toward their derivatives' complexes for the investigation of their catalytic behaviors.However,there are few examples successful good activity catalysts based upon new designed ligands such as monoiminopyridines[3],2-imino-1,10-phenanthrolines[4],2-benzimidazolylpyridines[5],2-quinoxalinyl-6-imino pyridines[6] and bimetallic complex[7].Those catalysts performed good to high catalytic activities towards ethylene oligomerization and polymerization,meanwhile most of them were first contributed with our efforts inspired by bis(imino)pyridyl metal catalyst.Herein we will present our results with designing pathways,and academic and industrial considerations.     

The template preparation and characterization of three new shapes of titania nanometer-array systems

Nano-structure systems such as nano-structure de- vices and quantum devices have become a hot spot[1] in the materials science. Recently, the synthesis and the preliminary exploration of the properties of novel nano-structures or nanometer constitutional …     

Authorization Management Framework Based on Joint Trust-Risk Evaluation

0 Introduction Trust management[1-3] is an approach to managing authorization in distributed environ- ments. Blaze et al[1] firstly proposed the concept of trust, and took trust into consideration in au- thorizing. Probability computed via historical records is viewed as the grade of trust[4]. Trust is classified into two types: direct trust and recom- mendation trust. But modeling the subjective trust with the simple probability and expressing the integration of multi recommendation trusts b…     

Calcineurin sets the bandwidth for discrimination of signals during thymocyte development

At critical times in development, cells are able to convert graded signals into discrete developmental outcomes; however, the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. During thymocyte development, cell fate is determined by signals originating from the alphabeta T-cell receptor. Low-affinity/avidity interactions between the T-cell receptor and peptide-MHC complexes direct differentiation to the single-positive stage (positive selection), whereas high-affinity/avidity interactions induce death by apoptosis (negative selection). Here we show that mice deficient in both calcineurin and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)c2/c3 lack a population of preselection thymocytes with enhanced ability to activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (Raf-MEK-ERK) pathway, and fail to undergo positive selection. This defect can be partially rescued with constitutively active Raf, indicating that calcineurin controls MAPK signalling. Analysis of mice deficient in both Bim (which is required for negative selection) and calcineurin revealed that calcineurin-induced ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) sensitization is required for differentiation in response to 'weak' positive selecting signals but not in response to 'strong' negative selecting signals (which normally induce apoptosis). These results indicate that early calcineurin/NFAT signalling produces a developmental period of ERK hypersensitivity, allowing very weak signals to induce positive selection. This mechanism might be generally useful in the discrimination of graded signals that induce different cell fates.     

基于核四极共振的爆炸模拟物探测研究

针对当前爆炸物探测中存在的突出问题,基于固体物理学相关理论和核四极共振基本原理,给出一种具有本征探测能力的核四极共振爆炸物探测方法. 该方法以爆炸物分子中普遍存在的¹⁴N核为探测对象,探测不同分子结构所具有的不同核四极共振特征信号. 试验测得亚硝酸钠、乌洛托品、尿素和硫脲等几种爆炸模拟物的核四极共振信号. 试验结果表明,该探测方法能本证标识各被探物是一种准确有效的本征探测方法.     

Karyopherin-mediated import of integral inner nuclear membrane proteins

Targeting of newly synthesized integral membrane proteins to the appropriate cellular compartment is specified by discrete sequence elements, many of which have been well characterized. An understanding of the signals required to direct integral membrane proteins to the inner nuclear membrane (INM) remains a notable exception. Here we show that integral INM proteins possess basic sequence motifs that resemble 'classical' nuclear localization signals. These sequences can mediate direct binding to karyopherin-alpha and are essential for the passage of integral membrane proteins to the INM. Furthermore, karyopherin-alpha, karyopherin-beta1 and the Ran GTPase cycle are required for INM targeting, underscoring parallels between mechanisms governing the targeting of integral INM proteins and soluble nuclear transport. We also provide evidence that specific nuclear pore complex proteins contribute to this process, suggesting a role for signal-mediated alterations in the nuclear pore complex to allow for passage of INM proteins along the pore membrane.     

多适性核信号处理与分析系统的设计

为了在线检测、存储、处理多种形式和多种频率的核信号,采用硬件、软件相结合的方式构造出一种基于超高速数据采集卡(3通道、1 GS/s采样率、1 ns同步精度)、利用PC平台的多适性核信号处理与分析系统。当来源核信号为脉冲形式时,采集按时间数字转换方式记录信号;当来源信号为连续形式时,采集按模拟数字转换方式记录信号。设计了对应于不同信号形式的处理流程和算法,有效得到了核信号随机过程的相关函数、功率谱估计等主要结果。     

转子临界转速实验与计算的对比分析

在建立转子实验台的基础上,用实验方法测量转子的一阶临界转速,并与理论计算所得值进行对比分析.利用LabVIEW软件对实验台编制数据采集分析软件,可以直接显示随着转速的变化转子振幅和相位的相应变化,当转子振幅和相位发生突变时,所对应转速便是转子临界转速.根据Prohl法(初参数法)计算转子临界转速,利用VB编写程序进行计算.结果显示,实验数据和理论值基本一致,说明采用此实验台可以准确测量转子临界转速,编制的Prohl法VB程序适用于计算临界转速.     

基于DSP的核探测信号波形采集卡的研制

作者针对在传统的核数据测量与处理系统（如多道分析器）仅对信号幅度进行测量和处理中,有可能丢失一些重要信息（如上升时间、脉冲形状等）的情况．对核探测器输出信号进行波形采集、分析和处理,采用高速AD芯片,研制成功了一种基于DSP具有PCI接口的核探测信号波形采集卡．并讨论了电路逻辑和时序,得到了比较满意的结果．     

基于深度学习的闪烁探测器信号故障识别研究

传统核探测器故障信号诊断研究都需要提前提取信号特征,然后用机器学习、支持向量机、统计方法等对特征进行分类。为了实现对探测器输出信号进行实时识别和故障诊断,本文基于Matlab平台构建了一个用于对图像进行分类的卷积神经网络模型,对核探测器故障信号进行分类诊断。从分类准确率和算法运行时间两个方面对Adam、Sgdm、Rmsprop三种优化算法进行了比较。结果表明Rmsprop算法运行时间最少,但准确度和损失的训练迭代曲线不平稳;Sgdm模型对十组非正常信号图像分类的准确率最高为93.10%,准确度和损失的训练迭代曲线平稳。虽然,本文方法诊断准确率略低于文献报道值,但是不需要对信号进行预处理和特征预提取,使用更为简便。