神经网络的统计学习理论基础

介绍神经网络的统计学习过程和理论．讨论基于经验风险最小化的学习理论对神经网络推广性能的影响,分析基于结构风险最小化的支持向量机。认为神经网络因其出色的高度非线性映射能力、自组织和适应能力、记忆联想能力,使得神经网络成为机器学习的重要研究领域。     

支持向量机在机载设备故障诊断及预测中的应用研究

支持向量机是一种基于统计学习理论的机器学习算法,采用结构风险最小化原则代替经验风险最小化原则,较好地解决了小样本学习问题;采用核函数思想,使非线性空间的问题转换到线性空间,降低了算法的复杂度;具有良好的泛化能力。针对机载设备故障诊断及预测等工程实际应用中遇到的典型故障样本缺乏、先验知识不足等采用神经网络等其它方法无法解决的问题,提出利用支持向量机应用在机载设备故障诊断及预报中。     

改进SVM及其在时间序列数据预测中的应用

运用标准支持向量机预测海量金融时间序列数据会出现训练速度慢、内存开销大的问题,文中提出一种分解合作加权的回归支持向量机,将大样本集分解成若干工作子集,分段提炼出支持向量机,同时根据支持向量的重要性给出不同的错误惩罚度,并将其应用于证券指数预测．与标准算法相比较,文中方法在保证泛化精度一致的前提下,极大地加快了训练速度．     

用于回归估计的支持向量机

介绍机器学习的表示方式,分析和比较机器学习中经验风险最小化原则和结构风险最小化原则,引出用于回归估计的支持向量机,并用数学方式阐述其基本思想,讨论支持向量机技术发展中存在的主要问题.     

基于支持向量机的石油需求预测

支持向量机是基于结构风险最小化原理的一种学习技术,是一种具有很好泛化能力的预测工具,它有效地解决小样本、非线性、高维数、局部极小等问题.利用支持向量回归机对我国石油需求量进行预测,并通过实验与神经网络的预测结果进行比较,表明支持向量机具有更高的预测精度.     

基于支持向量机的非线性系统辨识方法

支持向量机是一种基于结构风险最小化原理的新一代机器学习方法,在分类和回归估计方面已显示出了很好的应用前景.本文在简要介绍支持向量回归新方法的基础上,给出用于非线性系统进行辨识的支持向量机模型和多输入支持向量机的核函数构造方法,并将支持向量机与神经网络的非线性系统辨识效果进行了比较分析.实验结果表明,支持向量机具有比神经网络更强的非线性系统辨识能力和更好的泛化能力.     

基于支持向量机的油气管道安全监测信号识别方法

针对基于经验风险最小化原则的传统学习方法的不足,提出了一种基于支持向量机的油气管道安全识别方法通过基于Mach．Zehnder光纤干涉仪原理的分布式光纤振动信号传感器获取管道沿线振动信号,利用基于小波包分解的“能量-模式”方法提取振动信号的特征向量,并利用支持向量机根据振动信号的特征对其进行识别,判断管道沿线是否有异常事件发生．利用现场实验数据对该方法进行验证分析．结果表明,该方法识别正确率较高,实时性好．     

支持向量机在电信话务量预测中的应用分析

电信话务量预测是移动通信运营分析的一个很重要的问题,通过话务量预测,运营商可以方便地做出有针对性的决策。支持向量机（support Vector Machine或SVM）是vapnik等人在统计学习理论（statistical Learning Theory或SLT）基础上提出的一种新的通用学习方法。这种方法改变了传统的经验风险最小化原则,是针对结构风险最小化原则提出的。将支持向量机应用于电信话务量预测,在非线性回归分析中显示了良好的性能,有效地实现了有限样本数据的分析预测,保证了较好的精确性和推广性,体现了很好的泛化能力。     

应用支持向量机的交通流状态预测方法研究

支持向量机（support vector machine,sVM）是近年来出现的立足于统计学习理论（statislical learning theory,SLT）的VC维理论和结构风险最小化原则基础上的机器学习方法,在数据挖掘及分类中具有特点和优越性．为了提高交通流状态预测的精度及效率,研究支持向量机应用于数据泛化及分类的方法,并建立模型,在实测数据的基础上进行交通流状态的判定及预测．实验结果表明该方法学习及预测速度快、效率高,并且误差可控,具有较高的精确度（本文中实例精度高于95％）,应用前景广泛．     

连续小波变化-支持向量回归模型及其在谷物近红外光谱分析中的应用

近红外光谱技术是一种简单,快速,无损,价格低廉的方法,可以进行多组分同时分析．支持向量机基于结构风险最小化原理替代了传统方法中的的经验风险最小化原理,使得它具有更好的泛化能力,在许多领域中的应用取得了成功．在这篇文章中,我们把连续小波变化技术结合支持向量机用于近红外光谱分析,结果显示,连续小波变化．支持向量机模型具有更好的预测精度．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.