过套管电阻率测井微弱信号检测时域方法

过套管电阻率测井是一项重要的测井技术,该项目的一个难点为微弱信号的检测.采用了一种微弱正弦信号检测时域处理方法,并详细阐述了时域法微弱信号检测的测量原理,同时给出了过套管电阻率测井微弱信号检测的仿真试验结果.研究结果表明:在该领域,用时域方法处理信号在最低信噪比工作门限达到-20dB时,可以达到很高的检测精度.     

一种ΔDOR算法的初步实现

ΔDOR(双差分单向测距)技术是一种广泛应用于深空探测的测角技术.中国VLBI(甚长基线干涉测量)网目前使用互相关方法实现ΔDOR技术,然而在信号的信噪比很低时,使用基于互相关方法的相关处理机进行时延测量会有弱信号处理能力不足的局限性.随着更遥远距离的深空探测的推进,对弱信号求时延将成为必然的任务需求.本文将高性能三阶锁相环作为测量信号的频率和相位的基本模块,并由此推导了一种弱信号处理能力较强的基于本地相关的ΔDOR算法.该算法避免了传统本地相关方法中本地模型信号与含噪信号进行互相关运算时引起的算法性能损失问题,同时算法更为简洁.对天问一号数据求残余群时延间接验证了本文提出的算法的可行性,为进一步发展高性能ΔDOR技术提供了一种方案.     

基于互相关算法的CSAMT接收信号处理研究

针对可控源音频大地电磁法（CSAMT: Controlled Source Audio-frequency Magnetotelluric）实际勘探中, 因深部目标体响应信号微弱, 测量环境噪声严重等特殊情况而导致接收信号的清晰度大大降低的问题, 提出一种基于互相关算法的CSAMT接收数据去噪处理的新方法。该方法利用发射信号与接收信号之间相关性强, 与随机噪声相关性弱的特点, 设计发射信号电流波形记录器, 将接收信号和发射信号作互相关处理, 滤掉噪声等干扰信号。实验结果表明, 该方法可压制噪声, 可提高CSAMT测量的准确性。     

摆动式单波束超声波水下微地形探测

在分析各种水下地形测量方法及其特点的基础上,提出应用互相关超声波测距方法进行水下微地形高程数据测量。通过发射信号与回波信号进行互相关运算精确捕捉回波信号的到达时刻以实现高程数据的测量。设计一种以单探头单波束超声波测距为基础的水下微地形测量系统,并分析信号处理电路和数字信号处理方法。对不同地形和不同底质的地形进行高程数据测量,对海底模拟地形进行探测与重构。研究结果表明:经过时间增益控制和滤波处理后的信号所含有的噪声和混响信号得到了抑制;应用互相关超声波测距方法得到的高程数据误差在-1~1 cm以内;生成的微地形图真实地反映了被测地形的地貌特征。     

过套管电阻率测井技术研究

应用改进的传输线方程法,研究了过套管电阻率测井的模拟响应、微弱信号检测量级,分析了环境因素对测试结果的影响.在正演模拟的基础上,采用油田真实套管建造了一套过套管电阻率测井微弱信号检测试验装置.研究了微弱信号高精度的数据采集技术,成功地检测到试验装置中的纳伏级信号,测得套管外试验介质的电阻率.该技术方法的试验成功,对过套管电阻率测井仪器的研制具有借鉴意义.     

频率步进信号距离像互相关精确测速算法

针对距离像互相关算法可以实现频率步进信号自测速但测速精度有限这一问题,通过对互相关输出包络和相位的分析,提出了距离像互相关波形分析法和距离像互相关峰值相位法2种测速算法,结合这2种方法提出了一种频率步进信号距离像互相关精确测速算法,该算法的测速精度可以与多普勒测速相比拟,不仅能满足频率步进信号速度补偿的要求,还可以实现微动目标的测量.仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性.     

基于平方根卡尔曼滤波的微弱GPS信号跟踪方法

针对全球定位系统(GPS)的微弱信号跟踪容易失锁问题,提出一种新的跟踪方法.利用平方根卡尔曼滤波算法,在运算过程中运用误差协方差矩阵的平方根形式进行迭代,有效减小了舍入误差带来的影响.提出了一种新的GPS信号跟踪测量模型,在连续积分的基础上,加入了非连续积分过程,通过有效处理,避免了导航信息位翻转对信号相关运算产生的影响.仿真结果表明,新方法可跟踪载噪比低至17 dB-Hz的微弱GPS信号.     

微弱光信号的极值检测及滤波算法研究

为有效提高微弱光电信号极值检测的精度，通过分析被测信号的变化规律，提出了高精度目标信号极值检测滤波算法，探讨了在理想条件和强干扰条件下的信号检测解决方法。该算法以改进的动态阈值法获得极值初始数据集，通过基于中值数绝对偏差的滑动滤波和加权平均滤波法相结合的方式对采集值进行滤波处理，最终获得信号的极值。实验结果表明，该算法测量结果和实际值相吻合，最小平均相对误差控制在0.1%左右，满足精度要求,测量精度及稳定性高于传统方法。该研究对不同波形微弱信号的高精度极值检测提供了参考依据。     

基于分形理论的水合物回波特征提取及分类识别

针对海底裸露块状天然气水合物的探测问题,为了能从超声回波中准确提取天然气水合物的特征信息并与其他海底沉积物的特征进行分类识别,提出基于分形理论的水合物分类识别方法.通过实验室超声探测装置获取各类海底沉积物样品和天然气水合物样品的回波信号,并利用分形理论对回波信号进行分析,提取不同海底底质的声学回波特征,然后利用分类算法...     

基于双耳互相关函数的声源定位算法

为了提高受生物启发的定位算法的定位成功率,提出了一种基于双耳互相关函数的声源定位算法.该算法包括2个阶段:离线阶段和在线阶段.在离线阶段,测量与头相关脉冲响应(HRIR),并计算所有HRIR的双耳互相关函数(BCCF).当处于在线阶段时,首先,计算接收信号的BCCF;然后,计算接收信号的BCCF与所有HRIR的BCCF...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-