钼酸镧超细微粒催化剂的合成及表征

以柠檬酸为络合剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了La2(MoO4)3超细微粒催化剂,使用DTA-TG、IR、XRD以及BET比表面测试等表征手段,考察了制备条件与热处理条件对复合氧化物超细微粒形成、结构和表面积的影响。结果表明：本文法制备的La2(MoO4)3复合氧化物的比表面积远远大于共沉淀法制得的类似样品的比表面积,在氮气气氛中分解La2(MoO4)3凝胶中的柠檬酸,可有效地避免柠檬酸分解发生氧化燃烧而引起微粒烧结。     

烟气直接还原脱硫催化剂研究

实验考察了Cr2O3、MoO3、WO3三种单组分氧化物催化剂，以及四种不同催化载体对SO2直接催化还原的影响，结果表明它们的活性相差很大，WO3的活性最差，MoO3的活性最高；具有酸碱双功能的γ-Al2O3载体是催化脱硫的最佳载体．此外，制备了三种双组分金属氧化物负载催化剂，其催化脱硫活性顺序是：Mo—Co／γ-Al2O3＞Mo—Fe／γ-Al2O3＞Mo—No／γ-Al2O3；Mo—Co双组分催化比单组分MoO3具有优越性，在250—400℃范围内，SO2脱除率达90％以上，不仅催化脱硫活性比较高，而且催化剂不易失活．     

CeO2在Al2O3及TiO2载体上的分散

采用等体积浸渍法制备了CeO2/Al2O3、CeO2/TiO2复合氧化物载体。应用X-射线粉末衍射（XRD）、比表面积测定、激光Raman光谱、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等技术研究了CeO2在Al2O3及TiO2载体上的分散状态。结果显示：对CeO2/Al2O3，CeO2主要存在于Al2O3表面，晶粒小、分散性好；而对CeO2/TiO2，大部分CeO2以体相形式与TiO2共存，晶粒大、分散性也差。此外，也没有发现TiO2由锐钛矿向金红石的晶相变化。CeO2/Al2O3具有比Ce/TiO2更大的比表面积，更适合用于催化剂的载体。     

Fe2O3-MoO3-Sb2O3体系中的固相反应

通过混合焙烧的方法制备Fe2O3MoO3Sb2O3复合氧化物.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、同步热重差示扫描量热(TGDSC)和穆斯堡尔(Mssbauer)谱研究Fe2O3MoO3Sb2O3三组分体系在不同温度下的固相反应,并分别与Fe2O3MoO3和Fe2O3Sb2O3双组分体系的结果加以对比.结果表明,Sb2O3加入到Fe2O3MoO3体系中抑制了Fe2(MoO4)3的形成,而MoO3加入到Fe2O3Sb2O3体系,则可显著促进FeSbO4的生成.     

La-Cu-Mn系钙钛矿型复合氧化物的表面特征

采用以EDTA为配位剂的Sol-gel法制备La-Mn体系钙钛矿型复合氧化物，借助X射线衍射（XRD），X射线光电子能谱（XPS）等手段对其表面的结构和性质进行表征。结果表明，Cu^2 部分取代A位、B位或同时部分取代A位、B位将导致氧化物特征发生变化，部分取代A位的La^3 比部分取代B位的Mn^3 更有利于锰离子在表面富集，更能提高晶格氧的相对含量和阳离子缺陷的浓度，但对Mn^3 含量的影响程度没有明显差异。     

过渡金属氧化物表界面催化氧化的理论研究进展

过渡金属氧化物,如V、Mo和Fe基氧化物及其复合氧化物已被广泛地应用于催化氧化反应.本文主要回顾本课题组在氧化物表界面理论催化机理研究的进展,重点讨论了3个方面的问题:1)高价金属氧化物对烷烃C—H键的氧化活化机理;2)多组分氧化物在C—H键氧化中的作用;3)界面(氢)氧化物的结构及其对CO氧化的影响.对比近期相关的理论和实验研究结果,可以获得丰富的机理信息.     

载体SiO2表面修饰对钒基催化剂丙烷氧化脱氢催化性能的影响

用ＸＲＤ,Ｒａｍａｎ,ＦＴ－ＩＲ,＾５１Ｖ－ＮＭＲ,Ｐｙ－ＩＲ和ＴＰＲ－ＴＰＯ表征ＳｉＯ２或ＳｉＯ２上预负载ＭｇＯ后负载的钒氧化物催化剂体系。ＳｉＯ２上直接负载钒氧化物,在钒负载量约为５ｗｔ％Ｖ２Ｏ５时出现Ｖ２Ｏ５晶相,而预负载ＭｇＯ在相同钒含量时则没有出现Ｖ２Ｏ５晶相,表面预负载ＭｇＯ促进了钒氧化物在载体表面的分散。     

丙烯醛氧化催化剂及在6万吨／年工业装置上的应用

制备了Mo-V体系复合氧化物,考察了其丙烯醛氧化性能和在6．0×10^5t／a工业装置上的应用情况．结果表明,催化剂为由MoO3,M5O14和（Sb2O）MeO18（M—Mo,W,V）晶相组成的粒径在1～5μm的复合氧化物,对丙烯醛氧化反应具有优良的催化性能,在6．0×10^5t／a工业生产装置上的反应性能与进口催化剂相当．     

几种过渡金属氧化物在肉桂醛MPV还原中的作用

以几种负载在γ-Al2O3表面的过渡金属氧化物(La2O3、ZrO2、NiO、ZnO、CuO和CoOx)作为肉桂醛液相MPV反应的催化剂.实验结果表明,在相同的实验条件下,这些氧化物组分均对肉桂醛的MPV反应显示出不同的催化活性;在异丙醇和甲苯中这些氧化物对肉桂醛的MPV反应显示不同的活性;而La2O3的催化活性最高.     

炭负载Co-Mo催化剂的二苯并噻吩加氢脱硫性能研究

利用X射线衍射及程序升温还原技术，对等体积浸渍法制备的Co-Mo/AC催化剂进行了表征。采用高压微反装置、以二苯并噻吩为模型化合物，在一定的温度和空速下对催化剂进行了加氢脱硫活性评价。X射线衍射表征结果表明，柱状活性炭具有良好的担载催化剂活性组分的能力，活性组分在载体表面能很好地分散，因而只检测到部分活性组分很弱的衍射峰。在120℃和260℃条件下处理的催化剂表面物种主要是MoO3，没有发现含Co的物种和CoMoO复合氧化物的衍射峰；500℃焙烧处理的催化剂的表面物种主要是MoO2。程序升温还原表征结果表明，Co-Mo／AC催化剂表面物种的还原温度低于Co-Mo/γ-Al2O3催化剂。加氢脱硫活性评价结果表明，催化剂的还原特性和加氢脱硫活性有一定的对应关系。在Co-Mo/AC体系中，Co与Mo原子比为0．7的催化剂的加氢脱硫活性高于γ-Al2O3负载的Co-Mo催化剂；而Co与Mo原子比为0.2，0．35和0．5的Co-Mo／AC催化剂的加氢脱硫活性却低于Co-Mo/γ-Al2O3催化剂。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with