3—（3—吡啶基）—4—氨基—5—苯胺基—1，2，4—三唑的合成

本文报道了1－3－吡啶甲酰基）－4－苯基氨基硫脲在水合肼存在下关环,合成了新化合物3－3－（吡啶基）－4－氨基－5－苯胺基苯胺基－1,2,4三唑,并用氨谱,碳谱表征了其结构。     

分次Γ—环的幂零性

通过推广Γ－环的概念及性能，给出（强）分次Γ－环，局部（强）幂零分次Γ－理想等概念，给出了分次Γ－环的一些性质，并得出对任意1个分次Γ－环，都存在它的惟一最大的局部（强）幂零分次Γ－理想，即它的（强）分次Levitzki根。     

稀土元素与邻氨基苯酚和4—（3,5—二苯基—2—吡唑啉—1—）苯磺…

制备了分子式为［Ｌｎ（ＯＡＰ）２（Ｄｐｂｓ）２］Ｄｐｂｓ（ＯＡＰ：邻氨基苯酚Ｄｐｂｓ＾－１：４－、（３，５，－二苯基－２－吡唑啉－１－）苯磺酸阴离子）的三元配合物，产物通过元素分析、电导、热重、红外光谱、紫外光谱及＾１Ｈ核磁共振谱进行了研究，结果表明ＯＡＰ为中性二齿配体而Ｄｐｂｓ为负的单齿配体，结构为八面体型。     

Γ—环的P—根,弱P—根与拟P—根

本文在Γ－环中定义Ｐ－根、弱Ｐ－根与拟Ｐ－根的概念，讨论它们的性质及相互间的关系，给出了弱Ｐ－根的构造，证明了对Γ－环的任何代数性质Ｐ，总可以确定二个Ａｍｉｔｓｕｒ－Ｋｕｒｏｓｈ根，同时，对Γ－环的几个具体根的研究做了统一，拓广了Γ－环根理论的研究领域。     

BEI—代数

主要是引进了广义结合的ＢＥＩ－代数概念。讨论了它的一些性质，进而论证ＢＥＩ－代数是一类比环更广的代数系统，阐明开展ＢＥＩ－代数与ＢＥＩ－代数研究工作的背景及理论意义。     

三氮唑类席夫碱的合成及其生物活性（Ⅱ）

合成了５种５－氨基－１Ｈ－１，２，４－三氮唑－３－羧酸的席夫碱和５种３－氨基－１Ｈ－１，２，４－三氮唑－３－羧酸的席夫碱，其中６种为新化合物，采用紫外可见光谱、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和元素分析对其进行了表征和分析，并对它们进行了生物活性测试，结果表明，氨基三氮唑羧酸的席夫的植物生长调节活性比氨基三氮唑席夫碱的活怀要好，杂环化合物中，含吲哚环的夫碱有较高的活性。     

N—取代氮方酸的合成和N,N—二乙基氮方酸的晶体结构

氮氧方酸酯的胺解是制备Ｎ－取代氮方酸（３－氨基－４－取代胺基－３－环丁烯二酮）的一般方法，氮氧方酸正丁酯（３－氨基－４－丁氧基－３－环丁烯二酮）的丁氧基可被伯胺，仲胺，氨，肼，羟氨等亲核取代，制得了２０个Ｎ－取代氮方酸，Ｎ－取代氨基的多样性和氨基的反应活性，以及二者的配合，给后续的合成工作赋予较大的灵活性，测定了４－二乙基氮方酸（３－氨基－４－二乙胺基－３－环丁烯二酮）的晶体结构，单斜晶系，空间群     

2—取代环酮与芳香胺的Mannich反应

２－乙氧羰基环戊酮，２－乙氧羰基环己酮或２－在酰基环己酮与ｗ＝３７％的甲醛水溶液和对位取代苯胺，在ＨＣｌ－ＥｔＯＨ溶液中可直接发生Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ反应，将芳氨基甲基引入２位，得到２－芳氨基甲基－２－乙氧羰基环戊酮盐酸盐、２－芳氨基甲基－２－乙氧羰基环己酮或２－芳氨基甲基－２－乙酰基环己酮，共合成１１个新化合物，２－乙氧羰基环戊酮与苯亚甲基芳胺在乙胺溶液中回流，将芳氨基甲基引入５位，得到５－芳氨基苯基     

硝酮与螺[5.5]—1—十一烯—3—酮的环加成反应

（Ｚ）－Ｎ－苯基－α－取代苯基硝酮与螺〔５．５〕－１－十一烯－３－酮的环加成反应，制得一种新的杂螺环及几个螺取代的异恶唑衍生物，经核磁谱确定只有一种区域选择异构体，两种几何异构体，并对３ｂ进行了ｘ－衍射结构分析，进一步证实了其立体构型。     

4—烃基取代的3—丁烯—1—醇类化合物的合成与香气研究

合成了一系列４－烃基取代的丁烯－１－醇类化合物，研究了这些化合物的分子结构对香气性质的影响，并从中发现一些有实用价值的新香料。     

山东链霉菌产抗真菌物质的理化性质的初步研究

从土壤中筛选得到1株产广谱抗真菌物质山东链霉菌(Streptomyces shandongensissp．nov)，该菌代谢产物对多种植物病原真菌有很强的抗菌作用．研究了温度及pH变化、UV照射对该菌发酵液中抗菌物质的稳定性的影响；并利用pH纸层析等多种层析技术研究了该抗菌物质的水溶性、离子特性等一些理化性质，为这一农用抗生素的进一步纯化和结构测定提供依据．     

尖晶石的制备及其活化过硫酸盐在降解抗生素中的应用

抗生素的广泛应用会对水生生态系统造成伤害,严重破坏生态平衡。抗生素耐药性的传播也被认为是全球公共卫生的主要风险之一,去除水体中抗生素的研究已经成为研究的热潮。尖晶石具有物理结构和化学性质稳定、孔径特性良好的特点,在去污领域具有巨大的应用潜力。该文在详细介绍了多种尖晶石性能及改性方法的基础上,重点论述了尖晶石对几种典型抗生素的去除效果,并系统地分析了去除率的影响因素,最后对尖晶石材料的应用现状作了总结和展望。     

一株耐盐性链霉菌的鉴定及其抗菌活性

从厦门海岸潮间带红树林根系海泥分离到一株链霉菌S-111-9,能在含6～8％NaCl的高氏合成一号琼脂上生长;产生对革兰氏阳性、阴性细菌、酵母菌及霉菌有较强抑制作用的抗生素,其孢子丝直至波曲,偶而有螺旋,孢子圆柱形,表面有皱折;气生菌丝浅粉红色;基内菌丝褐色,无可溶性色素,该菌应归入链霉菌属(Streptomyces)粉红孢(Roseosporus)类群,而形态和生理特征与该类?的相近种华美链霉菌、玫瑰褐链霉菌和烟薰链霉菌有显著差别,可认为是一新种,?定名为厦海链霉菌(Streptomyces xia-baiensis n.sp.Zhou)。     

磷酸酯酰氧基异辛醇铝酸酯（PIA）偶联剂性质的研究

本文报导磷酸酯酰氧基异辛醇铝酸酯（ＰＩＡ）的ＩＲ、２７Ａｌ－ＮＭＲ、ＤＴＡ和水解性等理化性质的测定结果，以及ＰＩＡ改性碳酸钙在液体石蜡中的粘度、填充量、沉降性，及ＰＩＡ适用范围的主要研究结果。     

辐照强度对燕麦片物理特性的影响

研究了辐照强度对燕麦片基本营养成分的影响,并测定了辐照前后燕麦片的理化性质。研究结果表明,经过辐照剂量从0~9 k Gy的变化,在2 k Gy时燕麦中脂肪质量分数最低为7.7%,水分质量分数达到最高9.72%,黏度和蛋白质质量分数随辐照剂量的增加表现出逐渐降低的趋势,淀粉质量分数在低于6 k Gy剂量辐照处理条件下有所下降,样品之间无明显色差。研究表明,不同强度辐照光对于长链淀粉分子的切割,导致了燕麦片物理特性的变化,其他短链淀粉分子结构及物理特性并无明显变化。     

Abnormal dielectric characteristics of PMN-32%PT single crystal under dc bias

It has been reported that the single crystal of relaxor ferroelectrics (1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-xPT) with the compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB, 0.28相似文献   

Prepeptide sequence of epidermin, a ribosomally synthesized antibiotic with four sulphide-rings

The genetic basis for the biosynthesis of large polypeptide antibiotics such as nisin has not been explained so far. We show here that the structural gene epiA encoding the antibiotic epidermin from Staphylococcus epidermidis is located on a 54-kilobase plasmid and codes for a 52-amino-acid prepeptide, which is processed to the tetracyclic 21-peptide amide antibiotic. The mature sequence of epidermin corresponds to the C-terminal 22-peptide segment of pre-epidermin and contains the precursor amino acids Ser, Thr and Cys, from which the unusual amino-acid constituents are derived. The more lipophilic epidermin is cleaved at a hydrophilic turn between Arg-1 and Ile+1 from the N-terminal segment-30 to -1, which probably assumes a partially amphiphilic alpha-helix conformation. We propose that the N-terminus (-30 to -1) plays a cooperative role during modification reactions and prevents toxicity of the mature epidermin to the producing strain before the antibiotic is cleaved off and secreted.     

Antibiotic resistance is ancient

The discovery of antibiotics more than 70 years ago initiated a period of drug innovation and implementation in human and animal health and agriculture. These discoveries were tempered in all cases by the emergence of resistant microbes. This history has been interpreted to mean that antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria is a modern phenomenon; this view is reinforced by the fact that collections of microbes that predate the antibiotic era are highly susceptible to antibiotics. Here we report targeted metagenomic analyses of rigorously authenticated ancient DNA from 30,000-year-old Beringian permafrost sediments and the identification of a highly diverse collection of genes encoding resistance to β-lactam, tetracycline and glycopeptide antibiotics. Structure and function studies on the complete vancomycin resistance element VanA confirmed its similarity to modern variants. These results show conclusively that antibiotic resistance is a natural phenomenon that predates the modern selective pressure of clinical antibiotic use.     

A genetic basis for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm antibiotic resistance

Biofilms are surface-attached microbial communities with characteristic architecture and phenotypic and biochemical properties distinct from their free-swimming, planktonic counterparts. One of the best-known of these biofilm-specific properties is the development of antibiotic resistance that can be up to 1,000-fold greater than planktonic cells. We report a genetic determinant of this high-level resistance in the Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We have identified a mutant of P. aeruginosa that, while still capable of forming biofilms with the characteristic P. aeruginosa architecture, does not develop high-level biofilm-specific resistance to three different classes of antibiotics. The locus identified in our screen, ndvB, is required for the synthesis of periplasmic glucans. Our discovery that these periplasmic glucans interact physically with tobramycin suggests that these glucose polymers may prevent antibiotics from reaching their sites of action by sequestering these antimicrobial agents in the periplasm. Our results indicate that biofilms themselves are not simply a diffusion barrier to these antibiotics, but rather that bacteria within these microbial communities employ distinct mechanisms to resist the action of antimicrobial agents.     

球形芽孢杆菌Bs-8093对抗生素的抗性

考察了球形芽孢杆菌Bs-8093对氯霉素、氨苄青霉素、红霉素、卡那霉素、利福平、四环素、链霉素、庆大霉素、麦迪霉素、核糖霉素和叠氮钠的自然抗性，结果表明球形芽孢杆菌Bs-8093菌株对高浓度的链霉索、叠氮钠和低浓度的氯霉索有抗性，对其它考查的抗生索都敏感。