可吸入颗粒中金属元素对DNA的氧化性损伤

采用质粒DNA评价法评价哈尔滨市市区、郊区和清洁对照点的PM10和PM2.5样品的生物活性及颗粒物中金属元素对质粒DNA的氧化性损伤能力.研究结果表明,水溶样和全样样品都具有一定的活性,样品的TD40值为67.9～1 570 μg/mL,说明PM的生物活性主要与其来源和性质有关;颗粒物中具有生物活性的元素主要为过渡金属,其次为碱金属或其他主族元素,除过渡金属外,稀土元素对颗粒物的生物活性也具有显著影响.水溶样的TD40值与Y的浓度呈正相关,与La,Lu,Ho,Sm的浓度呈负相关,说明在对质粒DNA损伤过程中,Y拮抗La,Lu,Ho,Sm的损伤作用;全样的TD40值与元素Cs,La,Mn,Pb,Tm,Gd的浓度呈正相关,与Tb,Ni,Yb,Er,W,Cd,In的浓度呈负相关,在对质粒DNA损伤过程中,元素Cs,La,Mn,Pb,Tm,Gd协同拮抗Tb,Ni,Yb,Er,W,Cd,In的损伤作用.     

n次对称群S_n的元素的阶

我们试图给出S_4的元素的阶所构成的集合,为此,要用到下列的基本事实: 1°任一个n个文字的置换可以分解为不相连的(即彼此无公共文字)循环置换的乘积。 2°两个不相连的循环置换可交换。 3°k个文字的循环置换(a_1,a_2,…,a_k)的阶为k。 4°群G的元素g_1,g_2,…,g_s的阶分别为m_1,m_2,…,m_s,这些元素两两可换,这些阶数两两互质,则积g_1,g_2,…,g_s的阶为m_1,m_2,…,m_s。 5。群G的元素g_1,g_2,…,g的阶分别为t_1,t_2,…,t_s,这些元素两两可换,则积g_1g_2…g_s的阶为t_1,t_2,…,t_s的最小公倍数的因数。     

PCR-DGGE法分析不同酒曲中细菌多样性

目的:研究不同酒曲中细菌的多样性.方法:利用DNA提取试剂盒,分别提取6种酒曲的总DNA,利用细菌16S rRNA gene V3区通用引物,采用变性梯度凝胶电泳(polymerase chain reaction-denatured gradient gelelectrophoresis, PCR-DGGE)方法,进行不同酒曲中细菌多样性的分析.结果:6种酒曲中共分离出12属的细菌,分别为:湖南韶山的酒曲中主要是Weissella,Streptophyta,Bacillus,Pantoea,Okibacterium这5个属的菌株,湖南湘潭酒曲中主要含有Weissella,Pediococcus,Lactococcus,Sphingomonas,Streptophyta,Pantoea这6属的菌株,湖南祁东酒曲中主要含有Weissella,Pediococcus,Bacillus,Klebsiella,Pantoea 5属的菌株,福建福州酒曲含有Weissella,Pediococcus,Pantoea,Pediococcus,Sphingomonas,Streptophyta 6属的菌株,浙江丽水酒曲含有Weissella,Pantoea,Pediococcus,Klebsiella,Enterobacter,Rhizobium,Sphingomonas,Thauera 8属的菌株,浙江兰溪酒曲含有Weissella,Streptophyta,Pantoea 3属的菌株.结论:这说明不同地区的酒曲中的细菌的种类有所不同,同时也说明酒曲中Weissella属的菌是发酵的常见菌群.     

浅谈如何提高语文课程的教学质量

语文教学效率的提高,就是教学方法的创新.激励学生学习的兴趣,启迪学生的思维,能够独立思考,善于思考,从知识中获取更多的营养.课堂的活跃,让学习主体动起来,把枯糙无味的学习变成愉快的享受。释放学生的思维,给予学生思维的空间,让他们敢问、敢想、敢说,教师要爱护,关心每一名学生,互相构建一种平等,和谐的师生关系,教师应变成学生的好帮手好朋友。学习上少批评,多鼓励,树立学生学习的自信心,变要我学为我要学,这样,学生的积极性提高了,学习的效率自然水到渠成,课堂就会变的绚丽多彩。     

幂等元满足置换恒等式的半群上的好同余

设Ｓ是幂等元满足置换恒等式的富足半群,则Ｓ是左正规带Ｌ,右正规带Ｒ和适当半群Ｔ的拟织积,记作Ｓ＝ＱＳ（Ｙ,Ｌ,Ｔ,Ｒ）。给定Ｌ上的同余λ,Ｒ上的同余τ,Ｔ上的好同余η,它们满足一定的相容性条件,称（λ,η,τ）是Ｓ的好同余组。对Ｓ的每一个好同余组（λ,η,τ）,定义Ｓ上的关系ρ（λ,η,τ）：（ｅ,ａ,ｆ）,（ｕ,ｂ,ｖ）∈Ｓ,（ｅ,ａ,ｆ）ρ（λ,η,τ）,（ｕ,ｂ,ｖ）＝ｅλｕ,ａηｂ,ｆτｖ     

小密度处耦合常数对原子核基态性质的影响

在考虑重排列项的基础上,采用密度依赖的相对论平均场理论,利用得到的在RMF下的2组有效相互作用,即密度相关的介子-核子耦合常数,详细的计算了Ca,Ni,Pb,Sn,Zr,O双幻核的基态性质,所得到的理论结果可以较好的符合实验上每粒子结合能及电荷均方根半径。由于小密度处耦合常数值是利用拟合的曲线外推得到的,考虑到小密度处耦合强度的重要性,重新构建一组耦合常数,并采用这组耦合常数计算Ca,Ni,Pb,Sn,Zr,O双幻核的基态性质,所得到的理论结果与实验值符合的更好。继而采用这套耦合常数系统的计算了Ca,Ni,Pb,Sn,Zr同位素链核基态性质,并进行了详细的分析。     

论周恩来的家庭美德对反腐倡廉的示范作用

周恩来同志是党和国家优秀的领导人,人民的好总理,他不仅是伟大的马克思主义者,更具有崇高质朴的家庭美德,他珍惜亲情,感恩重义,深明大义,原则分明,严于律己,以身作则,他的崇高品格,是中华美德的结晶。深入学习周总理的伟大品格,对于反腐倡廉具有典型的示范作用。     

高原之邀

我们跨入了新的世纪 ,我们沐浴着新世纪的阳光 ,以往的字里行间里 ,留下了我们跋涉的脚印 ,今后的油墨芬芳中 ,将闪现着我们执着的追求 ,故此 ,我们在雪山之颠 ,在西部高原 ,谨邀你与我们一道 ,以大山一般的胸襟 ,以高原一般的眼光 ,放眼世界学术 ,着力问题研究 ,共同开辟学术研究的新方向 ,新途径。朴实严谨是我们的风格 ,开拓创新是我们的方向 ,只要您的文章有一定的学术见地 ,有较高的学术水准 ,不管学术派别 ,也不论文章风格 ,都在我们欢迎之列———或纵横捭阖 ,或管锥之见 ,或综述 ,或简论 ,或标新立异 ,或学海钩沉 ,……总之 ,开学风…     

让学生把作文当作最好的伙伴

作为表情达意的工具,作文应该是快乐的事.心中不快,通过作文渲泄,达到心平气和;心中欢喜,通过作文诉说,心情恢复平正.在作文里,可以上天入地,呼风唤雨,可以连接千里,审视古今;可以嬉笑怒骂,痛快淋漓……当然要想做到这一点,必须克服畏惧作文的心理障碍,要以平常心对待作文,要把作文当作自己的伙伴,当作贴心的朋友,对它哭,对它笑,对它诉说心事,对它畅想前程,无话不说,无所不谈,一天不见就不舒服,一天不和它沟通就嘴痒痒的、心痒痒的,只有这样,才能彻底走出作文教学的怪圈,才能彻底放松学生的手脚,才能有真正意义上的快乐作文.那么,怎样才能让学生把作文当作最好的伙伴呢?     

圈养大熊猫血清中无机元素的研究

用AAS,AFS,ICP仪器测定了33只圈养大熊猫(雌性21只,雄性12只)血清中Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn,Ca,Se,Pb,Cd,Cr,Co,Na,K,Mg,P,Hg,As等共16种无机元素的含量.结果表明:Cu,Zn,Se,Pb,Cd,Hg等6种元素含量随着年龄的增长有所增高,Fe,Ca,Na,K,P等5种元素含量随着年龄的增长而有所减少.大熊猫血清中无机元素含量的变化范围较宽,可能与大熊猫年龄、性别、健康、食物结构有关.在雄性大熊猫中Cu,Se,Pb,Cd等元素含量随着年龄的增长有所增加,而Fe,Ca,Na,Mg,P等元素含量随着年龄的增长有所减少.在雌性大熊猫中Cu,Zn,Cd,Hg等元素含量随着年龄的增长有所增加,而Fe,Ca,K,P等元素含量随着年龄的增长有所减少.Cu,Zn,Ca,Se,Pb,Na,Mg,P等元素的含量雌性高于雄性;Mn,Cd,Cr,Co,Hg,As,K等无机元素的含量雌性低于雄性.Cu,Zn,Se,Pb,Cd,Hg等元素亦随着年龄的增长而增高,有一定的积累性.应尽量减少大熊猫对Pb,Cd,As,Hg等一些有害元素的摄入量.Fe,Ca,Na,K,P等亦随着年龄的增长而减少;在大熊猫饲料中应适量增加一些必需元素和有益元素.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-