玄武岩纤维布增强不同树脂基体复合材料的制备与力学性能

利用3种不同的制备工艺,成功制备了相同玄武岩纤维布含量但5种不同树脂基体的玄武岩纤维布增强树脂基复合材料.5种树脂基体包括热固性的环氧树脂、乙烯基酯、热塑性尼龙6、聚碳酸酯及ABS树脂.所制备的5种复合材料组织均匀致密,玄武岩纤维布分布特征相同.研究了玄武岩纤维布增强树脂基复合材料准静态拉伸和3点弯曲力学性能,探讨了树脂基体种类的变化对力学性能的影响规律.在此基础上,通过微观分析研究了玄武岩纤维布增强树脂基复合材料在准静态拉伸和3点弯曲加载条件下的破坏机制,并揭示了树脂基体种类的变化对力学性能影响的机理.      

苎麻纤维PLLA-PEG复合材料制备工艺的优化

以PLLA、PEG的熔融共聚体为基体,以麻纤维为增强体.通过正交实验优化工艺参数,模压成型得到苎麻纤维PLLA-PEG复合材料板.分析复合材料的拉伸、弯曲性能及红外光谱、断面形貌.结果表明,当PLLA与PEG质量比为9∶1,共聚温度为120℃,TDI用量为1∶12(与PLLA的质量比),共聚时间为14h时,得到的复合材料板性能最优.其拉伸强度为11.1MPa,弯曲强度为68.48MPa.     

晶须改性氰酸酯树脂/玻璃纤维布复合材料的研究

为了改善氰酸酯树脂基复合材料的层间性能,研究了不同类型晶须材料,即硼酸铝晶须、钛酸钾晶须和硫酸钙晶须对氰酸酯树脂的增韧改性作用,并探讨了硼酸铝晶须对氰酸酯树脂/玻璃纤维布复合材料的力学性能和耐湿热性的影响.研究结果表明:3种晶须材料均可显著提高氰酸酯树脂的弯曲强度和冲击强度,硼酸铝晶须改性效果最佳;硼酸铝晶须添加到氰酸酯树脂/玻璃纤维布复合材料中,复合材料的层间剪切强度和弯曲性能大幅增强,耐湿热性能明显提高.SEM分析表明:晶须在材料破坏过程中,能起到"锚钉"和阻止微裂纹扩展的作用,是氰酸酯树脂的韧性以及复合材料的层间剪切强度得到改善的主要原因.     

碳纤维增强PVC复合材料的制备工艺和力学性能

研究了用模压成型法制备碳纤维增强PVC(CF/PVC)和二维碳纤维平纹布增强PVC(CB/PVC)复合材料,并与原PVC树脂力学性能进行了测试比较。研究结果表明,CB/PVC复合材料的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度提高,但弯曲强度有所下降;CF/PVC复合材料的拉伸强度、缺口冲击强度和弯曲强度都比原PVC树脂增大约10%;结合其力学破坏形貌照片,分析了碳纤维和PVC树脂相容性与其性能之间的关系。     

NiTi纤维表面处理对其树脂基复合材料 力学性能的影响

为了提高基于NiTi纤维与树脂复合材料的拉伸、冲击、弯曲性能,采用硝酸、硅烷偶联剂、异氰酸酯涂层以及低温等离子体与硅烷偶联剂联合处理等方法对NiTi纤维表面进行处理,增强纤维与树脂间的界面黏结. 研究表明: NiTi纤维经不同方法处理后,其环氧树脂复合材料的层间剪切强度提高了10.90%～44.74%. 低温等离子体处理的NiTi纤维再经硅烷处理,其环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸性能、冲击性能、弯曲性能分别提高了88.81%, 98.43%和45.55%,且纤维与树脂黏合较好.     

碳纤维增强TLCP复合材料的结构与性能

用不同类型的碳纤维(CF)增强热致性液晶聚合物(TLCP)制备了高性能复合材料;探讨了纤维含量、纤维类型对复合材料力学性能和微观结构的影响.实验结果表明,CF(连续纤维)/TLCP复合材料的拉伸强度最大可达385 MPa,比纯液晶材料提高60%;弯曲强度最大为242 MPa,冲击强度达到29 912 J@m-2,布氏硬度为20,热变形温度高达203℃.CF/TLCP复合材料的力学性能受纤维类型的影响,连续碳纤维布增强的复合材料各项力学性能指标高于短切碳纤维增强复合材料.扫描电镜结果证实了液晶聚合物在加工过程中沿纤维方向发生自取向,形成了微纤结构,具有自增强作用.     

炭纤维/沥青树脂复合材料的性能研究

以不同地区的催化裂化油浆为原料,与对苯二甲醇反应,得到不同性能的沥青树脂.分别以沥青树脂和酚醛为基体与炭纤维复合,通过模压成型,得到实验室复合材料试样.考察了沥青树脂的软化点、残炭值、树脂含量等指标与炭纤维/树脂复合材料的抗冲击强度、层间剪切强度等力学性能的关系.结果表明,沥青树脂基的炭纤维复合材料表现出的力学性能优于酚醛树脂复合材料,并间接证明了沥青树脂与炭纤维有较强的亲和性.     

玻璃纤维的含量对复合材料的力学性能影响及表征研究

为研究不同质量分数的玻璃纤维对增强聚丙烯复合材料力学性能的影响,选择直径为10μm的玻璃纤维制备复合材料小样.测试在不同质量分数时材料的拉伸强度、弯曲弹性模量等力学性能,并应用扫描电镜(SEM)对其微结构进行表征.结果表明:玻璃纤维质量分数对复合材料的取向分布有很大影响,随着玻璃纤维质量分数增加,拉伸强度增大,但弯曲弹性模量、弯曲强度变化不明显,此外,随着质量分数的增加,复合材料的脆性变大;SEM分析表明复合材料中玻璃纤维有一定的取向且分布相对均匀,玻璃纤维和复合材料基体结合良好.     

苎麻纤维／聚丙烯混纺混织增强复合材料的制备与性能研究

本文将改性的苎麻与树脂混纺或混织的织物在热压机上压制成苎麻纤维与树脂的复合板材.研究了织物组织结构、PP纱线在织物纬向上的含量等对苎麻/PP增强复合材料拉伸性能的影响.结果显示,对于混织预制体,当层数为5层,模压温度为175℃,模压压力为10MPa,苎麻/PP为1:1时,板材的拉伸性能最优,拉伸强度是83.03MPa;并且,由于斜纹组织的纱线伸直状态最好,所以其复合材料的机械性能优于缎纹组织和平纹组织复合材料.对于混纺预制体,模压温度为170℃,压力为12.5MPa,模压时间为20min,苎麻纤维体积分数为50%时,复合材料的拉伸性能最优,对于不同组织的织物,缎纹组织的复合材料的拉伸性能最好.     

连续玻纤增强聚烯烃预浸带的力学性能

分别以五种聚烯烃树脂为基体,采用自行设计的浸渍模具制备了连续玻璃纤维增强聚烯烃预浸带,并采用热模压机将预浸带压制成相应的板材.研究了五种基体树脂、纤维含量、纤维分布对复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明,加入玻纤后复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度大幅度提高,纤维分布对材料的弯曲性能影响较大;纤维含量0~70%范围内,随纤维用量的增加,复合材料的力学性能提高;在70%~75%范围内,复合材料的力学性能随纤维含量的增加而降低.动态力学分析表明,加入纤维后明显提高了复合材料的抗形变能力.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with