聚酰亚胺-聚四氟乙烯复合材料的制备和表征

利用共混挤出工艺制备聚酰亚胺-聚四氟乙烯(PI- PTFE)复合材料,考察PTFE含量对复合材料热性能、摩擦性能及力学性能的影响.结果表明:制得的PI - PTFE复合材料两相不相容,复合材料的最高使用温度为250℃,在250℃以下复合材料的尺寸稳定性较好,其线膨胀系数随PTFE含量的增加而增大,不受热循环历程的影响;复合材料分解质量损失5%的温度(t5d)为525℃,热分解速率随PTFE含量的增加而增大;干摩擦时,随PTFE含量的增加,复合材料的摩擦因数降低,磨损率呈上升趋势;复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和硬度均随PTFE含量的增加而降低,就力学性能而言,PTFE的添加量不超过20%为宜.     

玻璃纤维的含量对复合材料的力学性能影响及表征研究

为研究不同质量分数的玻璃纤维对增强聚丙烯复合材料力学性能的影响,选择直径为10μm的玻璃纤维制备复合材料小样.测试在不同质量分数时材料的拉伸强度、弯曲弹性模量等力学性能,并应用扫描电镜(SEM)对其微结构进行表征.结果表明:玻璃纤维质量分数对复合材料的取向分布有很大影响,随着玻璃纤维质量分数增加,拉伸强度增大,但弯曲弹性模量、弯曲强度变化不明显,此外,随着质量分数的增加,复合材料的脆性变大;SEM分析表明复合材料中玻璃纤维有一定的取向且分布相对均匀,玻璃纤维和复合材料基体结合良好.     

PA6/PTFE和PA66/PTFE的力学性能和熔融行为的实验研究

研究了PA6/PTFE和PA66/PTFE共混物的熔融过程的热学性能、动态力学性能和吸水前后的静态力学性能.结果表明:吸收水和PTFE对共混物静态拉伸性能和弯曲性能的影响不同.共混物弯曲性能受PTFE含量的影响不显著,受吸收水的影响较大;而共混物的拉伸性能受吸收水的影响较小,但PTFE的加入使共混物的断裂伸长率比纯PA的断裂伸长率严重降低.PA6/PTFE共混物的熔融温度随PTFE含量的增加而升高,熔融热却随PTFE含量的增加而降低.     

防腐剂预处理玉米秸秆皮/HDPE复合材料 制备及其力学性能研究

将不同防腐剂处理后的玉米秸秆皮(CSF)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)塑料和其他添加剂共混,熔融复合后,采用挤出成型制备CSF/HDPE复合材料。考察了玉米秸秆皮添加量、防腐剂种类及其处理浓度对复合材料力学性能的影响,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)和红外光谱(FTIR)对复合材料进行表征。结果表明:经氨溶铜季铵盐(ACQ)处理后,随ACQ浓度增加,复合材料力学性能逐渐降低; 玉米秸秆纤维质量分数为50%、ACQ质量分数为1%时,玉米秸秆皮/HDPE复合材料的力学性能最佳。经硼酸锌(ZB)处理后,随ZB浓度的增加,复合材料拉伸强度逐渐增强; 弯曲强度、弯曲模量、冲击强度均呈现先增大后减小的趋势; 玉米秸秆纤维质量分数为50%、ZB质量分数为2%时,CSF/HDPE复合材料的力学性能最佳。     

PTFE原位成纤对PP/MWCNTs/PTFE复合材料发泡性能和力学性能的影响

采用共混造粒和微孔发泡注塑成型工艺,制备了聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)原位成纤增强的聚丙烯/多壁碳纳米管/聚四氟乙烯(PP/MWCNTs/PTFE)微孔复合材料,并对其结晶、流变、微孔发泡和力学性能进行了测试和表征。结果表明：与不加PTFE的PP/MWCNTs复合材料相比,PTFE的加入可以提高PP/MWCNTs/PTFE复合材料的结晶度,增大储能模量,降低损耗因子;PTFE的加入可以改善PP/MWCNTs/PTFE复合材料的泡孔结构,使泡孔密度增大,泡孔直径减小;相比PP/MWCNTs复合材料,当PFTE的加入量为1%(质量分数)时,PP/MWCNTs/PTFE复合材料的断裂伸长率提高了67.5%,抗拉强度提高了21.1%,杨氏模量提高了12.5%。     

磁性聚四氟乙烯密封材料的制备及性能

以纳米Fe3O4为主要增强填料,采用冷压成型和烧结固化工艺制备磁性聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)密封材料.分析不同纳米Fe3O4填充量对材料抗拉强度、断裂伸长率、硬度、线膨胀系数等性能的影响.结果表明:纳米Fe3O4填充量对材料性能具有显著影响,随填充量的增加,硬度增大,抗拉强度先增大后减小,断裂伸长率和线膨胀系数迅速下降.当纳米Fe3O4质量分数为5%时,填料在PTFE基体中分散性较好,硬度和拉伸强度均有所提高,断裂伸长率下降38%,线膨胀系数下降18%,PTFE密封材料性能得到提高.     

玻璃微珠改性PA6/PA66合金复合材料的制备与性能

采用玻璃微珠填充PA6/PA66合金制得复合材料,通过一系列测试方法研究了复合材料的力学性能、耐热性、吸水率及结晶性能的变化。结果表明,随着玻璃微珠含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度有所提高,但当其质量分数超过15%时,拉伸强度开始降低;冲击强度的变化与拉伸强度的变化类似;复合材料的耐热性能则随玻璃微珠的增加而不断增加;玻璃微珠在材料的结晶过程中起到异相成核的作用,导致材料在相对较高的温度下便能形成稳定的晶核,使晶体更稳定地生长,但复合材料的结晶度有所下降。     

文冠果壳纤维/高密度聚乙烯复合材料的力学性能

 为了充分拓展文冠果壳在复合材料领域的应用,优化其复合材料的制备工艺,探索力学性能随纤维质量分数的变化规律,采用未处理的纤维作为对比,将文冠果壳纤维表面进行碱、硅烷偶联剂及碱-硅烷偶联剂处理。采用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混与注塑成型的方法,制备文冠果壳纤维/高密度聚乙烯复合材料。考察了制备工艺、纤维质量分数对复合材料拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、弹性模量和冲击强度的影响。研究表明,经过二次双螺杆熔融共混,复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率提高。随着纤维质量分数的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率降低,弹性模量增加,冲击强度呈波浪状变化。复合材料断面上纤维断裂机制和剥落机制并存。     

聚甲醛耐磨复合材料的研究

用转矩流变仪共混-模压成型方法制备了Ekonol/G/POM复合材料,对其力学性能(含拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度和压缩强度)进行了考察,并对其摩擦学性能进行了研究.结果表明:Ekonol的加入,使Ekonol/G/POM复合材料的压缩强度提高,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度有所降低,但并不防碍其作为结构零件使用;Ekonol和石墨G的加入,提高了POM的摩擦学性能;当Ekonol含量为20%左右时,复合材料具有较为理想的综合性能.图9,表2,参8.     

聚苯酯对Ekonol/POM复合材料力学性能的影响

用转矩流变仪共混-模压成型方法制备了Ekonol / POM复合材料,在对复合材料的力学性能(含拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度、压缩强度和断裂强度)以及显微硬度进行测试的基础上,考察了聚苯酯的含量对于复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明, Ekonol的最佳含量为20%(质量分数),此时,复合材料的压缩强度比POM提高42.4%,显微硬度提高24.7%.而其拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度和断裂强度有所降低,但并不妨碍其作为结构零件使用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.