一种冰雹预报模型

根据冰雹和零厘米地温统计资料，建立了冰雹预报的回归模型。运用该模型，可以预测陕西省千陇地区的冰雹强度。     

一种冰雹预报模型

根据冰雹和零厘米地温统计资料 ,建立了冰雹预报的回归模型。运用该模型 ,可以预测陕西省千陇地区的冰雹强度。     

一次强降雹天气的雷达产品分析

利用新一代天气雷达探测资料,分析2009年8月17日出现在巴彦淖尔临河区的大风降雹天气的发生,发展和雷达回波基本反射率、速度场演变过程,分析表明风暴追踪信息（STI）,冰雹指数（HI）、垂直液态水含量（VIL）等产品对冰雹有较好的识别和预报能力。     

定西地区冰雹云和雷雨云雷达回波的统计分析

产生冰雹 ,雷雨的云体都为对流云 ,其出现的天气背景有相同点 ,也有不同点 ,而且有着明显的地区特点。天气雷达可探测到许多对流云降水的雷达回波。但如何在实际工作中迅速识别出冰雹云和雷雨云的回波性质 ,对造成强烈灾害的强对流天气及时做好预报服务工作 ,确有着重要意义。因而 ,我们对华家岭天气雷达在 1991- 1996年六年中所探测到的回波资料进行了统计分析 ,按地面记录的天气现象和降水资料来判别分类。共选取冰雹云回波得 70次 ,雷雨云回波 91次 (一个回波系统生消的过程算一次 ) ,从中得出了一些规律性的结论。1　影响对流云降水回波…     

宝鸡渭北冰雹成因及其对策

目的冰雹是一种局地范围的灾害性天气,宝鸡渭北地区冰雹灾害非常严重,对农业生产危害极大。根据宝鸡渭北地区冰雹分布及地理环境的特征,分析了地形地貌、植被、土壤对冰雹的影响机理,提出了相应的减灾对策。方法将冰雹发生频率与地理环境进行对比分析。结果下垫面的热力非均匀性是冰雹强度增加的主要因素。结论根据当地情况,提出了加强预测预报、植树造林和改良土壤以及减弱上游冰雹形成因素的对策。     

泰顺4.7特大冰雹分析总结

2008年4月7日下午,泰顺遭受一次特大冰雹灾害侵袭,冰雹颗粒之大、灾情之严重实属罕见。本文通过分析环流背景,检验冰雹云适宜的生长环境和能量指数的预示效果,并通过雷达资料剖析此次冰雹事件的天气特点,从实际过程中去总结经验教训,为今后山区冰雹预报提供经验。     

数值产品对云南丽江强对流天气的预报检验

采用统计检验方法,选取与强对流天气产生暴雨、冰雹密切相关的反映大气环流形势、水汽条件和动力因子的欧洲中期天气预报中心(以下简称欧洲中心)及T213的多个因子,主要检验2006～2011年6年间数值预报12～48小时数值预报是否与丽江区域强对流天气出现的过程相似,作出预报区域内有无暴雨、冰雹的定性预报,通过分析发现:欧洲中心对强对流天气的影响系统、冷空气预报能力较好;T213比湿场对强对流天气的水汽预报能力略好于欧洲中心的相对湿度场,同时,T213的涡度场和垂直速度场能很好的预报强对流天气的动力条件。此次分析检验的结论将在强对流天气预报中发挥很好的效用。     

宜春北部一次冰雹过程雷达回波特征分析

为提高县级台站对冰雹天气的识别和预警能力，使用常规天气图和宜春SA雷达数据等资料，采用天气学、雷达气象学方法，对2021年3月30—31日江西宜春北部罕见大冰雹天气过程进行分析，结果表明:1)西南急流、地面倒槽、切变线、暖脊、“上干下湿”不稳定层结是主要影响天气系统，属于典型暖区强对流天气形势;)在雷达拼图上，30日冰雹是超级单体，呈孤立椭圆状; 31日冰雹是回波带上的超级单体，呈带上强单体形态; 3)在雷达PPI产品上:超级单体风暴组合反射率CR达65 d BZ，回波顶高ET达17 km，垂直积分液态水含量VIL为55～60 kg/m²，能够识别出中气旋M和龙卷涡旋结构TVS; 4)在反射率因子垂直剖面RCS上:30日孤立超级单体存在明显的有界弱回波区（BWER）、回波悬垂和中气旋特征; 31日回波带上超级单体存在明显的悬挂结构回波和虚假旁瓣回波顶; 5)在径向速度垂直剖面VCS上:超级单体存有中气旋结构和上正下负速度层。研究结果为江西宜春北部冰雹天气的预警预报提供了理论依据。     

豫西丘陵地形对冰雹灾害落区的影响分析

利用三门峡市新一代多普勒天气雷达2006--2009年冰雹个例资料,结合豫西山区地形特征,分析了豫西丘陵地形对冰雹灾害的时空分布特征与落区的影响,结论如下：豫西地区每年都会发生雹灾多次,对当地经济作物危害很大;最早产生冰雹灾害的月份为5月,最晚为10月,其中以6月产生次数最多;冰雹灾害产生时间多在午后到傍晚,集中时段是在14—16时,傍晚之后的18—22时也有一个弱的峰值,而每日的6-12时没有产生过冰雹灾害．冰雹灾害影响范围比较小,最大直径（影响范围内两点间最大距离）一般不超过50km,大多数雹暴的雷达初始回波出现在降雹点的西北部,少数出现在降雹点的东北部、西南部或西部．豫西大部分地区都可能产生冰雹灾害。但在丘陵地形的影响下,有2个较集中的地带,一个在渑池县境内,另一个在卢氏县中北部到灵宝市南部地区．冰雹灾害落区均分布在山体的迎风坡上,且都在河流沿岸或附近．基于以上结论总结得到豫西山区冰雹灾害预报预警的重要着眼点及方法．     

吕梁市冰雹天气的气候特征分析及减灾对策

分析了吕梁市1971—2000年13个县（市）冰雹天气的空间分布和时间分布特征,提出了减灾对策。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-