用透湿杯法测量织物的湿阻

介绍一种使用透湿杯测量织物湿阻的新方法,该方法在控制一定的水温和环境条件下,设置透湿杯中离被测织物下表面不同的水位,依次测量织物的透湿率,并对这一组数据进行回归,可以计算得到当水位与织物下表面的距离为零时的透湿率,再根据湿阻计算式计算得到织物的湿阻.避免了过去测量织物湿阻只能依赖出汗平板仪的状况,同时也解决了使用出汗平板仪法测的湿阻与使用透湿杯法测的透湿率这两类透湿指标之间没有内在关联的问题.该方法具有成本低、设备简单,在研究织物透湿性能方面具有广泛的应用价值.     

织物湿传导理论与实际的研究第一报:织物的湿传导过程与结构的研究

提出了织物湿传导通道的三种型式.指出了织物中透湿孔洞有多种多层次结构,横向尺寸相差甚大,在湿传导过程中的表现和作用各不相同.提出了描述织物中各层次透湿孔洞的物理量并给出了相应的计算公式.     

聚氨酯涂层剂湿热活性分析及防水透湿性能的研究

通过扫描电镜（SEM）、差热分析（DSC）、透湿杯法测量等手段，对合成的PU涂层膜及涂层布进行了一系列观测，推断该涂层是属于无微孔亲水性透湿。透湿量大小取决于亲水基的含量。观察到织物透湿量随环境温度的升高而增加，这种变化对应于聚合物中PEG，PTMG组分的相变区，有一定的热效应。这种性能可赋予织物“防水透湿调温”功能，明显增加织物服用舒适性。     

织物稳态和动态传湿性能测定

织物的透湿性能与织物的空隙率大小和织物的吸湿散湿性能有关,在织物达吸湿平衡前,织物的传湿速率是变化的。本文自制了织物湿阻仪。用本仪器对织物动态传湿性能进行了测定,同时也对织物稳态传湿阻力进行了测定。测试过程可以在各种温度梯度和各种湿度梯度条件下进行,若同时调整织物距测试表面间的距离,就可以改变被测试样所在处的水汽浓度大小,因此本仪器具有较大的适用性。对织物稳态传湿性能的测定一般仅需半小时左右。     

聚氨酯涂层织物防水、透湿性能的研究

防水性能和透湿性能达到和谐统一是防水透湿织物需要解决的关键问题.这里基于对微孔亲水性和非亲水性聚氨酯（PU）涂层织物的防水、透温性能和结构参数等的测试和研究,来阐明织物防水、透湿机理,透过聚氨酯（PU）涂层织物的水气总量由气相的＂孔隙扩散＂、气相和液相的＂吸附-扩散-解吸＂和液相的＂毛细管传递＂组成,织物的防水性能与液相的＂吸附-扩散-解吸＂有关,并受到液相的＂毛细管传递＂影响.     

Coolmax织物导湿性能研究

对Coolmax织物的导湿性能进行研究，设计了10种织物试样，分别测试它们的吸湿排汗能力、透湿率、带液率、干燥速率，讨论了同组织结构不同Coolmax含量及紧度对织物导湿性能的影响。     

织物湿传导理论与实际的研究第二报:织物湿传导理论方程的研究

研究了织物透湿过程中涉及的水蒸汽在湿空气中的扩散,水平液面上水蒸汽的蒸发,在毛细管中水蒸汽的凝结,毛细管中水蒸汽的蒸发和毛细管中液态水的输送等过程的状态和理论方程.     

苎麻织物透湿性能影响因素分析

通过测试各种不同规格的苎麻织物的透气、透湿性能,分析了织物厚度和织物总紧度对织物透湿性能的影响.实验证明在高湿与低湿状态下,厚度和总紧度对织物的透湿性能产生的影响是不同的.本文还提出了织物厚度与总紧度的综合影响参数,综合参数对高湿与低湿状态下织物透湿性能的影响是一致的,这为夏季服用苎麻面料的设计提供了依据.     

大麻织物的舒适性能研究

通过织物的透气、透湿及毛细效应等实验对大麻织物的舒适性能进行研究并与苎麻、亚麻织物进行比较,认为大麻织物在透湿性和毛细效应等方面有较大优势,在易出汗的夏季,大麻面料着装比较舒适.     

织物透湿性能测试与MATLAR应用研究

对各种织物透湿性能进行测试与分析．利用MATLAB6．5建立神经网络模型，选择最佳网络参数并对网络进行训练．通过应用实例提出了如何处理实验数据的方法，并通过建立大量的BP网络进行比较，筛选出最具应用价值的网络对透湿性能进行预测．     

Fabric Wetting and Wicking Measurement Based on Dynamic Image Acquisition and Processing

After a brief review of existing methods for fabric wetting and wicking measurement,a new numerical approach based on dynamic image acquisition and analysis was proposed to study the liquid wetting and wicking properties of woven fabrics.A measuring system was first developed to record on-site the images of liquid ascending in fabrics for a certain period of time.The hardware and software platforms and the experimental methods were described,and the image processing and analysis as well as other related alg...     

Condensation of Water Vapor on Waterproof Breathable Fabrics

Condensation occurs when the local vapor pressure rises above the saturation vapor pressure at the local temperature in theory. A new measuring apparatus were made to obtain temperature and relative humidity simultaneously for the purpose of investigating the mechanism of condensation occurred on the fabrics. The experiment conducted at the standard condition of temperature of 20℃ and relative humidity of 65%. The result obtained from experiment showed that condensation could occur under the situation closed to saturation line as the temperature on fabric may be lower than dew point of water vapor in the measuring box depending on the experiment conducted at an ambient environment temperature of 20℃ The range of fabrics studied showed that PTFE laminated fabrics except nylon gingham PTFE laminated fabric facilitates the loss of water vapor and therefore prevent condensation. It is necessary to develop studies from a wide range of fabrics, especially breathable fabrics and under bad experiment conditio     

超疏水性织物的构建及其多功能性

 介绍了Young's、Wenzel、Cassie-Baxter模型等研究疏水性表面的基本理论,总结了宏观结构、微观结构、微观性能、毛细效应、化学组成等影响织物润湿性能的因素,综述了溶胶-凝胶法、层层自组装法、化学气相沉积法、化学刻蚀法、电纺丝法、聚合物成膜法、相分离法、辐射接枝法等超疏水织物表面的制备方法,预示了织物未来发展方向应为抗菌性、阻燃性、油水分离、超双疏、抗紫外性等多功能性研究,提出了目前超疏水性织物研究瓶颈及拟解决办法,展望了超疏水性织物的未来应用前景。     

表面改性对织物湿传递性能影响

将实验用织物进行了亲水性和拒水性整理，使用织物微气候仪，利用汽态湿传递和液态湿传递方法研究了织物热湿传递性能。实验结果表明，无论经过亲水性整理或拒水性整理，织物的水汽湿传递性能均无明显变化，而织物液态湿传递性能却发生了显著变化。在织物液态湿传递过程中，影响其传递性能的主要因素是织物的毛细吸水效应。     

织物动态膨化测试系统的研制

研制了一种可以测定织物动态膨化过程的系统.系统中设计制作了一个微压力接触型线性小位移传感器和线性检测电路.该系统可对织物在浓碱液中的动态膨化过程检测和记录,从而可测试织物的动态膨化性能,并可用于耐碱润湿剂的组成结构与性能关系的研究.     

织物缩水规律的研究

为了提高产品质量，掌握织物售后使用的缩水情况，本文对纯棉织物、纯化纤织物和纯毛织物各三种在同一方法下进行缩水试验，测定历次水洗后经纬向的缩水率，求得总缩水率与水洗次数的关系。结果表明各类织物的总缩水率与洗涤次数的关系。结果表明各类织物的总缩水率与洗涤次数的关系为分式线性函数。通过试验还初步探讨了洗涤溶液、洗涤温度、经纬密度及织缩对总缩水率的影响。     

Fabrication of cotton nano-powder and its textile application

A combination of chemical and mechanical treatment of cotton produced cotton powder （fibrils） with a mean diameter of 97 nm is analyzed by Laser Particle Size Analyzer. Transmission Electron Micro- scope （TEM） study showed that the diameter of the fibrils was about 10--30 nm and the length was from 70nm to over 400 nm. The powder was then coated onto fabrics （100% polyester fabric, 100% wool fabric and 100% cotton fabric）. Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM） study showed that cotton fibrils were adhered to the surface of treated fabrics （fibers）. The ultraviolet protection factor （UPF） value （AS/NZS 4399： 1996） for cotton fabrics increased about 20% after the treatment. This implies that the treated samples give a better protection from UV light. The moisture management test （MMT） of the fabrics such as wetting time at bottom, top maximum absorption rate, bottom maximum absorption rate, bottom maximum wetted radius and bottom spreading speed, et ah, showed that there were significant changes after the treatment. These changes gave better moisture management ability to the treated fabrics and thus made the fabric more comfortable. However, Wide-angle X-ray Diffraction and Fourie Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis proved that supermolecular structure and chemical struc- ture of treated fabrics were the same as the original fabrics. Other properties of the treated fabric such as thermal conductivity, wrinkle recovery, hand, et al., did not change. This implied that the basic func- tion of the treated fabrics for the clothing industry was the same as untreated fabrics. This study is a foundation for further researches on textile application.     

Studies of Stability in Electrical Property and Sensitivity of Polypyrrole Conductive Fabrics Used for Intelligent Flexible Sensors

Electrically conducting fabrics used as flexible sensors can be produced by vacuumed vapor deposition. The research of what impacts the wide and reliable application of the flexible sensors shows that the stability of flexible sensors is one of the critical issues. The electrical performance of weft knitted fabrics in course and wale direction does not show significant differences underdifferent ambient conditions,which include time,temperature,and relativehumidity. Tests of stimuli responding sensitivity of conductive fabrics indicate that the sensitivity keeps at a constant level and the average sensitivity is stable over 38 days.