氧化砷对MR2细胞耐药分子表达的影响

探讨三氧化二砷(As2O3)对肿瘤耐药分子的作用.以耐全反式维甲酸(ATRA)早幼粒自血病细胞株MR2为研究对象,以非耐药急性早幼粒白血病细胞株NB4为对照组,用免疫组化法观察P-糖蛋白(Pgp)、谷胱甘肽S转移酶(GST)的表达.MR2细胞Pgp表达(30％～40％)较NB4细胞(10％～20％)明显增强(P<0.001),MR2细胞GSTπ表达(60.4±4.0)～(66.5±4.4),较NB4细胞(28.3±5.6)～(31.2±5.1)明显增强(P<0.05).0.5～2.0 μmol/L As2O3能显著降低MR2细胞Pgp、GSTπ表达,而对GSTα、GSTμ无影响.Pgp、GSTπ表达的下调,可能是As2O3克服耐药的敏感性指标,而GSTα、GSTμ则否.全反式维甲酸(ATRA)可能是Pgp转运底物和GSTπ催化作用底物.     

发光细菌法研究纸浆CEH漂白废水的毒性

采用发光细菌法对纸浆CEH漂白废水进行毒性研究,其中C段废水的毒性最大,其EC50为28 83%,属于强毒级别;E段、H段废水的EC50分别为68 92%、267 9%,分别属于毒、无毒级别;其中C段的毒性排放负荷约占总废水毒性排放负荷的67 5%左右;结果表明,漂白废水的毒性排放负荷较大,约为423 92TU·m3·t(浆)-1,相当于42 93gHgCl2·t(浆)-1,对其治理不容忽视.     

青土霉素废水出水对斑马鱼抗氧化指标的影响

采用暴露试验方法,研究了青霉素、土霉素混合废水出水不同暴露浓度对斑马鱼肌肉抗氧化指标超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)的影响。研究结果表明:SOD活性指标在1/16φ(96hLC50)变化明显(P<0.05);混合废水出水在暴露后期(8～10 d)对斑马鱼肌肉MDA影响显著,8 d时对机体产生了明显的氧化损伤,暴露10 d时,机体的氧化损伤明显减轻。1/16φ(96hLC50)可能是该废水中抗生素发生作用的一个转折点,在青霉素、土霉素混合废水出水作用10 d时,可使斑马鱼肌肉SOD活性显著下降,并对斑马鱼的抗氧化能力有显著影响。斑马鱼肌肉中SOD和MDA对青霉素、土霉素混合废水出水暴露都较为敏感。     

0#柴油水溶性成分对僧帽牡蛎(Ostrea cucullata)谷胱甘肽硫转移酶活性的影响

在实验条件下,将僧帽牡蛎(Ostrea cucullata)分别置于含有低(0.5 mg/L)、中(2 mg/L)和高(5 mg/L)3种浓度0#柴油水溶性成分(water-soluble fraction,WSF)的海水中,在污染后1,4,7,11,15 d采样,15 d后转入清洁海水中进行6 d的恢复实验,采样.测定消化腺和鳃谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)的活性.结果表明:正常生理条件下鳃GST活性高于消化腺;消化腺和鳃GST活性随污染时间的延长先被诱导后逐渐下降,并存在一定的剂量-效应关系,可作为监测海洋石油污染的生物标志物;解除污染后,GST活性恢复到对照组水平.     

0#柴油水溶性成分对僧帽牡蛎(Ostrea cucullata)谷胱甘肽硫转移酶活性的影响

在实验条件下,将僧帽牡蛎(Ostrea cucullata)分别置于含有低(0.5 mg/L)、中(2 mg/L)和高(5 mg/L)3种浓度0#柴油水溶性成分(water-soluble fraction,WSF)的海水中,在污染后1,4,7,11,15 d采样,15 d后转入清洁海水中进行6 d的恢复实验,采样.测定消化腺和鳃谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)的活性.结果表明正常生理条件下鳃GST活性高于消化腺;消化腺和鳃GST活性随污染时间的延长先被诱导后逐渐下降,并存在一定的剂量-效应关系,可作为监测海洋石油污染的生物标志物;解除污染后,GST活性恢复到对照组水平.     

孔雀石绿胁迫下鲫肝脏抗氧化系统的动态变化

以鲫（carassius auratus）幼鱼为实验对象，研究在不同浓度孔雀石绿胁迫下，肝脏抗氧化防御系统中过氧化氢酶（CAT），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）的活性变化趋势。结果表明，SOD和CAT活性变化规律较复杂，但始终低于对照组；而GST活性先被抑制后被激活，最终略高于对照组。3种酶对孔雀石绿暴露的敏感性顺序为SOD〉CAT〉GST。     

三丁基锡对翡翠贻贝谷胱甘肽硫转移酶活性的影响

在实验条件下,将翡翠贻贝分别暴露于1,10,100,1 000 ng/L的三丁基锡溶液中,1,4,7,14,21 d后取样,测定鳃和消化腺谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(Glutathione S-transferase,GST)同工酶的活性(GSTs,GST-μ,GST-π).结果表明:(1)生理条件下GST同工酶在鳃组织中分布高于消化腺,且活性大小为:GSTs >GST-π>GST-μ;(2)污染条件下,各GST同工酶活性随暴露时间的变化趋势各有不同.鳃和消化腺GSTs活性在暴露第1天被强烈诱导,而后逐步表现为抑制作用;鳃GST-π活性基本无显著变化,消化腺GST-π活性于第7天被诱导至高点,并逐渐恢复到对照水平或被抑制;消化腺GST-μ活性随着污染时间的延长整体受到抑制.     

3种农药对花鲈抗氧化酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶影响的研究

采用体外方法,研究了敌敌畏(Dichlorvos)、丁硫克百威(Carbosulfan)和氯氰菊酯(Cypermethrin)等3种农药对花鲈(Lateolabraxjaponicus)肌肉中乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)、谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等抗氧化酶的急性毒性效应.浓度为50、200、500、1000mg/L的3种农药分别与花鲈肌肉和肝脏匀浆液在25℃孵育0、30、60、90min后,测定各酶的活性.实验结果表明,3种农药对AChE、GPx和GST活性有不同程度的抑制,但对SOD活性无显著影响.     

杂粮早餐粉对砷致小鼠肝脏毒性的拮抗作用

探讨建立功能性饮食预防和干预砷毒性的途径。以昆明种纯系雄性小白鼠为受试动物,检测杂粮早餐粉对砷致肝脏毒性的影响。砷染毒组小鼠饮用水中含10 mg/L的砷,干预组在砷染毒的同时用杂粮早餐粉冲剂灌胃,60 d后取肝脏组织检测抗氧化指标及组织结构。研究发现:饮用含砷水能诱发实验动物肝脏组织氧化胁迫,使超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)活性显著下降(P0.05),3种酶活性分别下降34.63%、40.57%和25.25%,脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量显著增高49.93%(P0.05),肝脏组织结构出现病理性改变;用杂粮早餐粉干预后,小鼠肝脏组织中的SOD、GSH-Px和GST活性显著增高(P0.05),3种酶的活性在7.15%早餐粉干预组中分别增高30.74%、42.53%和29.885,在14.3%早餐粉干预组中分别提高27.87%、41.66%和28.76%,肝脏MDA含量显著下降(P0.05),7.15%早餐粉干预组下降45.05%,14.3%早餐粉干预组下降52.92%,肝组织结构损伤减轻。结果表明:摄入杂粮早餐粉能降低砷对实验动物的毒性,使肝脏生化指标和组织结构趋于正常,该早餐粉可能对砷暴露人群有一定的保护作用。     

蔗渣氧脱浆二氧化氯漂白工艺参数的优化

采用三因素二次通用旋转组合实验设计,对蔗渣氧脱浆二氧化氯漂白的主要工艺参数(ClO2用量、NaOH用量和漂白时间)进行了优化,建立了工艺参数与纸浆卡伯值、白度及可吸附有机卤化物(AOX)产生量之间的二次多项式非线性回归数学模型.结果表明:通过实验设计建立的数学模型回归显著,失拟不明显;3个工艺参数对纸浆卡伯值、白度及AOX产生量的影响由大到小的顺序均依次为ClO2用量、漂白时间、NaOH用量;在优化模拟得到的较佳工艺条件(ClO2用量0.79%,NaOH用量0.43%,漂白时间53 min)下,纸浆卡伯值为1.83,白度为73.3%ISO,废水中AOX质量浓度为10.8 mg/L,与验证实验得到的纸浆卡伯值(1.76)、白度(75.0%ISO)和废水中AOX质量浓度(11.3mg/L)接近.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.