岩溶-裂隙介质渗流的三重介质模型

针对某水利枢纽坝区岩体内岩溶、断层、裂隙发育的实际情况,利用折算渗透系数的概念,建立了集达西流和非达西流于一体的岩溶管道-裂隙-孔隙三重介质地下水渗流模型,并对该枢纽坝区左岸岩溶含水系统进行了数值模拟.计算结果表明三重介质模型较真实地刻画了岩溶地区地下水渗流的特征.     

复杂构造区向斜盆地岩溶地下水赋存特征及开发利用——以思南县塘坝流域为例

岩溶地下水的赋存受到多种因素控制,特别是在构造复杂区域,岩溶地下水的赋存特征及径流途径就更难确定,这将影响岩溶地下水资源的开发利用。本文通过对铜仁地区思南县许家坝镇塘坝地下河流域进行详细的水文地质调查,以流域岩溶含水系统的隔水边界圈定地下汇水面积,并通过追索地下水径流通道在地表的标志,结合区内复杂地质构造的特点,综合分析得出区内地下水的赋存特点及径流途径。最后通过水文地质钻探验证此类区域贮水构造模式。该结论对今后在向斜构造盆地区域进行地下水资源的勘探和开发具有一定参考价值。     

济南泉域岩溶径流通道特征

岩溶发育程度的差异性对地下水的储存和运移有重要控制作用。采用示踪试验、泉水位动态观测等方法揭示济南岩溶含水介质特征。试验表明济南泉域岩溶水观测孔中示踪剂运移的浓度历时曲线呈现单峰、双峰、三峰、多峰形态并存,岩溶水径流通道有单一管道和多管道并存;泉水位衰减特征表明含水系统以小型管道、裂隙、溶隙、溶孔、网络状溶隙等共同释水,衰减系数的历时变化反映济南岩溶水系统岩溶发育存在垂直分带性。研究表明,济南泉域岩溶发育不均、有多重性,奥陶纪灰岩比寒武纪灰岩的岩溶更发育。为保持泉水持续喷涌,宜选择奥陶纪灰岩含水层进行人工补源。     

基于DRWMLPE模型的岩溶潜水污染风险评价

选取中国北方某一典型岩溶潜水水源地为例,利用DRWM模型和DRWMLPE模型分别对其地下水本质脆弱性和地下水污染风险进行了评价.评价结果表明,研究区内地下水异常现象的发生与地下水本质脆弱性没有明显的相关性,而与地下水污染风险性具有较好的相关性,进而阐明了地下水本质脆弱性、污染负荷与污染风险之间的复杂关系.单参数敏感性分析结果验证了DRWMLPE评价模型的合理性并获知包气带介质是水源地地下水污染风险评价中最敏感的因素.DRWMLPE评价模型可推广到其他岩溶地下水污染风险评价,为地下水资源的可持续合理开发利用提供科学依据.     

顶峰山矿井地下水化学特征分析

顶峰山矿井地下水系统包含四个子系统:第四系孔隙含水岩组、煤系基岩裂隙含水岩组、栖霞灰岩裂隙—岩溶含水岩组和老窑水。通过对四个子系统地下水化学特征的系统研究,建立了相应的四个含水模型,作为判别矿井突水水源的依据,以指导矿井安全生产。     

顶峰山矿井地下水化学特征分析

顶峰山矿井地下水系统包含四个子系统：第四系孔隙含水岩组、煤系基岩裂隙含水岩组、栖霞灰岩裂隙-岩溶含水岩组和老窑水。通过对四个子系统地下水化学特征的系统研究，建立了相应的四个含水模型，作为判别矿井突水水源的依据，以指导矿井安全生产。     

宜春岩溶区地下水特征及其开发利用

宜春岩溶区位于萍乡-乐平岩溶发育带上,岩溶地层发育,以岩溶地下水为主要水源。为合理地开发利用岩溶地下水,分析了研究区岩溶地下水分布特征、补径排特征、化学特征、动态特征、储水构造、岩溶地下水开发利用现状、岩溶地下水开发利用区划等。结果表明,宜春地区岩溶含水岩组富水性有丰富、较丰富、中等三种类型,岩溶地下水化学类型以HCO_3-Ca型为主,流量动态曲线以多峰型、单峰型为主。岩溶地下水储集受地层岩性、地貌、构造等因素影响,构造是主导因素,地下水主要储藏于背斜储水构造、向斜储水构造和断裂储水构造。区内地下水开发需因地制宜,分宜(操场、高岚)侵蚀堆积平原区隐伏岩溶含水层多,储水条件好,可直接引流扩泉或井采;中南部多为溶丘谷地、洼地区,工程地质条件复杂,以引水、扩泉、截流为主,井采为次。墨山-田心侵蚀堆积平原区是岩溶塌陷地质灾害的易发和高发区,应限制性开发隐伏岩溶地下水。     

伊犁河谷平原灌区地下水流数值模拟研究

本论文运用有限差分法,结合研究区域地下水含水介质系统,采用二维非稳定流数学模型对地下水系统进行了数值模拟,对研究区地下水动态变化进行了评价,为今后的地下水资源评价与管理提供了一种有效的分析方法,为相同条件下的其它区域地下水资源的管理提供了科学依据。利用较为成熟的三维可视化地下水分析计算软件GMS的Modnow模块建立研究区地下水系统的数学摸型,分析预测了研究区在现状条件下的地下水运移规律。并据此提出了研究区的盐碱地治理措施和建议以及水资源利用和生态环境保护措施。     

贵州独山岩溶地下水系形成和发育的基本特征

岩溶地下水系,是我国南方岩溶山区,表层岩溶地下水赋存的主要形式,它是由隙流、脉流、管流、洞流组成的复杂的地下含水系统,是岩溶山区开发治理地下水的主要对象。本文对独山3700平方公里面积内的22条地下水系的形成发育规律进行了探讨。论证了地下水系的总体展布受地势及地表水系的控制,其平面展布受地质结构条件的控制,其剖面埋藏受剥夷面和挽近构造的控制。也讨论了岩溶地貌与地下水系的成因联系,以及地下水系的动力动态特征等。最后,说明了独山地区岩溶地下水开发治理的现状,及笔者对今后开展该区岩溶研究工作的意见。     

鄂尔多斯沙漠高原白垩系地下水锶同位素的演化机理

结合地下水化学资料,应用含水介质和地下水Sr含量及87Sr/86Sr比值,对鄂尔多斯沙漠高原白垩系含水层中水-岩作用机制进行了研究.结果表明:含水介质中钾长石、斜长石和碳酸盐矿物的87Sr/86Sr比值具有差异,地下水87Sr/86Sr比值介于0.709 871～0.711 792.地下水Sr来源主要为碳酸盐矿物、硫酸...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.