微型飞行器齐默曼与反齐默曼机翼的气动力学特性分析

以固定机翼式微型飞行器(miniature air vehicle, MAV)的气动设计为研究背景, 对小展弦比低雷诺数下不同长短轴比值(long-short axis ratios, LSARs)的齐默曼和反齐默曼机翼流场进行数值分析. 采用人工压缩性方法求解不可压粘性绕流, 应用三阶迎风格式离散对流项, 湍流模型为Baldwin-Barth一方程模型. 通过对比齐默曼和反齐默曼两种布局机翼的数值结果与实验值, 验证了数值方法的正确性. 通过分析不同长短轴比值齐默曼和反齐默曼机翼的气动性能, 揭示出在长短轴比值相同的情况下, 反齐默曼机翼有较高的升力, 且其升阻比随着长短轴比值的减小而增大.

Aerodynamic Analysis on Zimmerman and Inverse Zimmerman Wings of Miniature Air Vehicle

Based on the areodynamic design of fixed wings for miniature air vehicle (MAV), the flow fields of Zimmerman and inverse Zimmerman wings with different long-short axis ratios (LSARs) are investigated numerically under low Reynolds numbers. The uncompressible viscous flow is solved by the eudocompressibility formulation. A third-order upwind scheme was used to discretize the convective terms based on Roe's approximate Riemann solver. The Baldwin-Barth one-equation turbulence model is used. Numerical results for Zimmerman and inverse Zimmerman wings agree well with the experimental data, showing correctness of the numerical methods. In this paper, the effect of different long-short axis ratios on areodynamic characteristics of two wing layouts is analyzed. The result shows that inverse Zimmerman has better lift coefficient than Zimmerman’s for the same LSAR, and the L/D coefficient is increased as the LSAR is decreased.