基于自主创新的科技资源配置模式与整合机制

由于文化背景、科技实力、经济基础和政策环境等因素的不同,各个国家、地区或科研组织在科技生产过程中使用资源的方式呈现很大的差异,出现不同的科技资源配置模式。根据知识创新和知识转移的不同方式,在原始创新、集成创新和引进消化吸收再创新的3个层面上,形成了9种科技资源配置的具体模式,即以国家试验室为骨干的美国模式、以综合科研机构为主体的德国模式、以产学研结合为特征的日本模式、以企业为核心的产业模式、以科研机构为龙头的开发模式、以高等院校为基础的研究模式、以专利为标志的技术模式、以设备为载体的工艺模式和以服务为取向的管理模式。

Based on Independent Innovation of Science and Technology Resources Configuration and Integration Mechanism

Due to cultural background,scientific and technological strength,economic base and the policy environment and many other factors,countries,regions or research organizations' way of using resources is vary widely in the scientific and technological production process,thus,there are different configuration modes of technology resources presented.Based on the different ways of knowledge innovation and knowledge transfer,there are nine specific configuration patterns of technological resources formed in the three levels of original innovation,integrated innovation and the introduction,absorption and re-innovation.That is the backbone of national laboratories for the U.S.model,an integrated scientific research institutions as the main for the Germany model,characterized by combination of industry,university and research institution for the Japanese model,with enterprises as the core of the industrial model,the development of scientific research institutions as the leading model,based on colleges' research model,patent as a symbol of the technical model,the equipment for the carrier of process model and the service-oriented management model.