一株沥青质降解菌的筛选及其对稠油作用评价

以稠油中的沥青质组分作为唯一碳源,利用选择性富集方法,从油田采出水筛选得到一株能够降解沥青质的菌株S,分子生物学分析表明,菌株S与Genbank中Bacillus subtilis Bsn5的序列相似度达99％.利用菌株S对富含沥青质的稠油进行了微生物降解评价实验,分析了其对稠油物理化学性质的影响.结果表明,经菌株S作用后,稠油外观及组成结构都发生了明显变化,其中烷烃含量增加,沥青质组分降低,沥青质降解率达到34％；稠油黏度和密度也相应降低,降低程度分别为34.11％和4.57％；菌株S对稠油的作用,改善了稠油的物化性质.

Isolation of an Asphaltene Degradation Bacterium and Its Characterization in Heavy Oil Biodegradation

An asphaltene-degrading bacterium S, which can utilize asphaltene as the sole carbon source, was screened and isolated from oil production water. Strain S was showed 99 % probability of Bacillus subtilis Bsn5 by the result of the partial 16SrDNA analysis. The utilization of heavy oil containing abundant asphaltene by strain S was done, and the influence of biodegradation on the physical and chemical properties of heavy oil was analyzed. The results indicated that the surface appearance and structure of heavy oil were changed obviously after biodegradation. The alkane content increased while the asphaltene fractions decreased, compared with these components in heavy oil sample before biodegradation. The asphalt degradation rate is up to 34%, and the viscosity and density of heavy oil was reduced about 34.11% and 4.57% respectively. The physical and chemical properties of heavy oil have been improved by strain S.