应力对流体及油气二次运移作用的几种模式

地应力是影响储层流体压力和驱动油气运移的主要动力之一。根据构造力学和流体力学原理，提出了不同类型的储层（孔隙型储层和裂缝型储层）在不同条件下应力对流体作用的几种模型，在此基础上建立起不同类型储层中流体压力变化、油气二次运移及断层张开、封闭与地应力的定量关系。结果表明，在不同类型的储层中，应力对油气表现出不同的作用方式和影响结果。断层的开启与封闭，不仅与构造应力直接相关，而且与断层的走向、倾角、深度、两盘岩性及流体压力直接相关。

MODELS OF FORMATION STRESS ACTION ON FLUID AND OIL AND GAS MIGRATION IN RESERVOIR

Formation stress can change fluid pressure. It is one of the main powers to cause oil and gas to migrate. Based on geomechanics and fluid mechanics, this paper gives several models about stress action on fluid in different types of reservoirs under different conditions. On the basis of the given models, a function among fluid pressure, oil and gas second migration and stress is founded. The ways and the result of stress action on fluid are different in different reservoirs. The sealing properties of fault are not only related to tectonic stress, but also to strike and dip angle of fault, depth, lithology of each fault wall, and fluid pressure.