微生物在温室气体排放与吸收中的多样性

对N2O和CH4两种重要的温室气体进行了研究．结果表明它们的生物排放源主要来自土壤微生物过程．其中土壤微生物的硝化和反硝化作用是N2O的重要排放源，厌氧土壤通过反硝化作用能将N2O还原为N2，是N2O的弱的汇．CH4主要由土壤中甲烷产生菌在厌氧条件下产生．在好氧条件下，甲烷氧化菌将厌氧土壤产生的甲烷进行氧化，成为土壤甲烷的汇．由此可见土壤微生物在温室气体N2O和CH4的产生与消耗中起着十分重要的作用，体现了微生物在温室气体产生与排放中的多样性．

Microorganism Diversity in Productions and Emissions of Greenhouse Gases

Nitrous oxide and Methane are studied, which are significant greenhouse gases. The results show that the biogenic emission sources of them are from the soil microbial process. The nitrification and denitrification of soil microbes are important emission sources of N2O. The anaerobic soil reduces N2O to N2 by denitrification, which is the weak sink of N2O. CH4 is mainly produced by methanogens under the anaerobic condition. Under aerobic condition, CH4, which is produced by anaerobic＂ soil, is oxidized by methanotrophic bacteria, and become the sink of CH4 in soil. The results show that soil microbes play an important role in production and consumption of N2O and CH4, and reflect the microorganism diversity in greenhouse gases.