不同香蕉品种苗期钾效率差异性分析

以国内主栽的8个香蕉品种为材料,设计低钾和正常钾水培试验,研究株高、干质量、叶绿素质量比等指标的变化.结果表明:低钾处理可以显著降低‘巴西蕉’的干质量,‘南天黄’的干质量最小,‘金粉1号’的干质量最大;两种钾水平处理中,‘金粉1号’的叶绿素质量比最高,几乎不受低钾胁迫影响,‘南天黄’的叶绿素质量比最低;两种钾水平处理中,‘金粉1号’的根系指标最高,‘南天黄’的根体积最小,‘巴西蕉’的根总吸收面积和根总活跃吸收面积最小;同一处理中,8个香蕉品种的地上部钾质量比差异不明显,‘桂蕉1号’的地下部钾质量比最高,‘金粉1号’的地上部钾积累量最大,‘南天黄’的地上部钾积累量最小;8个香蕉品种的地上部钾效率系数为0.44~0.97,2个品种的地上部钾效率系数较小,3个品种的地上部钾效率系数居中,3个品种的地上部钾效率系数较大;初步确定‘金粉1号’‘桂蕉1号’为钾高效基因型,‘威廉斯’‘广东粉蕉’‘桂蕉6号’‘红蕉’为钾中效基因型,‘南天黄’‘巴西蕉’为钾低效基因型.

Difference Analysis of Potassium Efficiency of Different Banana Varieties at Seedling Stage

Using eight mainly planted domestic banana varieties as materials, low potassium and normal potassium hydroponic experiments are designed to study the changes of plant height, dry weight, chlorophyll mass ratio and other indicators. The results show that low potassium treatment can significantly reduce the dry weight of ‘Baxijiao’, the dry weight of ‘Nantianhuang’ is lowest, and the dry weight of ‘Jinfen No.1’ is highest. In the two potassium levels treatment, the chlorophyll mass ratio of ‘Jinfen No.1’ is highest, which is almost not affected by low potassium stress, and the chlorophyll mass ratio of ‘Nantianhuang’ is lowest. In the two potassium levels treatment, the root indexes of ‘Jinfen No.1’ are highest, the root volume of ‘Nantianhuang’ is lowest, and the total root absorption area and total active root absorption area of ‘Baxijiao’ are both lowest. In the same treatment, there is no significant difference in aboveground potassium mass ratio among the eight banana varieties, the underground potassium mass ratio of ‘Guijiao No.1’ is highest, the aboveground potassium accumulation of ‘Jinfen No.1’ is highest, and the aboveground potassium accumula-tion of‘Nantianhuang’ is lowest. The aboveground potassium efficiency coefficients of eight banana varieties are between 0.44 to 0.97, two varieties are lower, three varieties are in the middle, and three varieties are higher. It is preliminarily determined that ‘Jinfen No.1’ and ‘Guijiao No.1’ are potassium efficient genotypes, ‘Williams’ ‘Guangdong Fenjiao’ ‘Guijiao No.6’ and ‘Hongjiao’ are potassium medium efficient genotypes, and ‘Nantianhuang’ and ‘Baxijiao’ are potassium inefficient genotypes.