东渐的天学：中国近代科学与科学教育之嚆矢

明末清初期间，西方的耶稣会传教士为在中国传扬天主教，选择了学术传教的策略，而且首先选择的就是“天学”。当时耶稣会传教士传人的天学，即是中国近代科学与科学教育之嚆矢。围绕着这个问题，历来争议很多，其结论亦大相径庭。而对这个问题的认识，又与我国长期以来对科学的认识和对科学教育的理解有密切的联系。根据有关的材料对几种观点进行分类解析，提出个人的见解，以作为今天我国科学教育改革之借鉴。

The theory of heavens into China:the beginning of Chinese modern science and science education

During the turn of Ming and Qing Dynasties, Jesuit missionaries chose the theory of heavens as a strategy for doing missionary work with science and technology. The theory of heavens as that circulated by missionary was the beginning of Chinese modern science and science education. But this issue had been discussed for a long time which leaded to different results. It maintainsed close contacts with how to recognize science and how to understand science education. Therefore, some views were analysed and opinions were proposed.