原形理论与词汇翻译的越级处理策略

原型理论是以人类认知为基础的范畴化理论,是认知语言学的重要组成部分。它的提出弥补了古典范畴理论的不足,同时对翻译实践活动也具有指导作用。词汇是语言的基本单位,由于英汉民族文化背景和认知方式的不同,英汉词汇之间存在着很大差异。因此,在两种语言的翻译中,译语词汇选择的恰当与否直接影响整个译文的质量。本文依据原型理论探讨了英汉语言的词汇翻译并提出两种相对应的翻译方法：范畴越级翻译和义素越级翻译。

Prototype Theory and Vocabulary Level- shifting Translation

Prototype part of cognitive theory, but also linguisti theory is the categorization theory which is based on human＇ s cognition. It is an important cs. It was put forward not only to make up for the deficiency of traditional categorization to guide the translation practice. Vocabulary is the basic unit of language. Because of the different cultural backgrounds and the cognitive manners between English and Chinese, there ulary between English and Chinese. Therefore, in the translation between these two exist great differences in vocab- languages, choosing target words appropriately or not can directly influence the quality of the whole translation. Based on prototype theory, this paper explores the translation of vocabulary between English and Chinese and proposes two translation methods, which are categorization level- shifting translation and sememe level -shifting translation.