台风“美莎克”致洪暴雨精细化特征及成因分析

为分析2020年台风“美莎克”致洪暴雨成因,利用自动气象站观测、风廓线雷达、NCEP再分析等资料,对暴雨的精细化特征进行诊断分析,并与2012年台风“布拉万”进行简要对比。结果表明：台风“美莎克”带来的降水具有风雨影响范围大、降水持续时间长、降水呈非对称性等特点;“美莎克”在东北地区造成的强降水与它和西风带系统结合关系密切,北上台风进入我国东北地区后呈非对称性结构发展,台风西侧干冷空气的卷入和锋生区导致了其降水的持续和非对称性分布;“布拉万”与“美莎克”的大尺度环流均表现为“西低东高”的形势,但是“美莎克”环流的异常程度、系统随高度向西倾斜的程度及锋区强度均强于“布拉万”,因此降水也表现为持续时间更长、范围更大的特征。

Analysis on refined characteristics and causes of flooding rainstorm caused by typhoon MAYSAK

Based on the observation of automatic weather station, the wind profile radar and the NCEP reanalysis data, this paper analyzes the fine characteristics and causes of the torrential rain caused by typhoon MAYSAK in 2020, and makes a brief comparison with typhoon Bolaven in 2012. The results show that: the precipitation brought by typhoon MAYSAK has the characteristics of the large influence range of wind and rain, the long duration of precipitation and the asymmetric precipitation; The heavy precipitation caused by MAYSAK in northeast China was closely related to the combination of MAYSAK and westerly system. The asymmetric structure developed after the northward typhoon entered northeast China, and the involvement of dry/cold air and frontogenesis area on the west side of MAYSAK led to the continuous and asymmetric distribution of precipitation; The large-scale circulation of Bolaven and Meshak showed a situation of "low in the west and high in the east", but the anomaly degree of the circulation of MAYSAK, the degree of the system tilting to the west with the height and the strength of the frontal zone were stronger than that of Bolaven, so the precipitation also showed a longer duration and a larger range.