设置新风系统与开窗换气的空调能耗对比研究

为研究供冷、采暖两季采用开窗和设置新风系统为房间引入新风的能耗差异,以长沙某房间为模型,计算了三种不同形式的外窗在室外有风、无风状态下的开窗换气能耗;并与设置机械新风系统(有、无热回收)提供新风的能耗进行了对比分析。结果表明:在保证室内新风需求量的前提下,采用有热回收新风系统的能耗最低,无热回收新风系统的能耗次之,开窗换气的能耗最高;该结论在室外有风还是无风情况下都成立。通过对三种形式外窗开窗换气能耗的比较,发现推拉窗开窗能耗比悬窗和平开窗能耗要小。因此在长沙地区不适合采用开窗换气的方式为房间提供新风,应设置机械新风系统;若在没有条件安装新风系统的情况下,外窗形式则优先考虑推拉窗。

A Comparative Study on the Energy Consumption of Air-Conditioning with Mechanical Fresh Air Systems and Ventilation by Opening Window

In order to research the energy consumption difference between different fresh air supply ways in heating and cooling season, a room model in Changsha has been taken as an example. Energy consumption with different fresh air supply ways have been calculated and compared including ventilation with opening window (wind blowing or not in outdoor) and mechanical fresh air systems (with and without heat recovery). It is shown that mechanical fresh air systems with heat recovery need lowest energy than the other ways and the ways of opening window need the most energy to meet the demand of fresh air. The conclusions are same whether wind blowing or not in outdoor. In addition, according calculated results, different window forms have big difference of energy consumption if fresh air is supplied by opening window. Energy consumption of sliding sash are lowest than that of casement window and that of suspension window. Therefore mechanical fresh air systems should be used to supply fresh air, not by means of opening window and sliding sash should be preferentially considered without the condition of setting fresh air systems in Changsha.