Microbial dissolution and stabilization of toxic metals and radionuclides in mixed wastes |
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Authors: | A. J. Francis |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973 Upton, New York, USA |
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Abstract: | Summary Microbial activity in mixed wastes can have an appreciable effect on the dissolution or precipitation of toxic metals and radionuclides. Fundamental information on microbial dissolution and stabilization (immobilization) of toxic metals and radionuclides, in particular actinides and fission products, in nuclear wastes under various microbial process conditions, e.g., aerobic, denitrifying, iron-reducing, fermentative, sulfate-reducing, and methanogenic conditions is very limited. Microbial transformations of typical waste components such as metal oxides, metal coprecipitates, naturally occurring minerals, and metal organic complexes are reviewed. Such information can be useful in the development of 1) predictive models on the fate and long-term transport of toxic metals and radionuclides from waste disposal sites, and 2) biotechnological applications of waste treatment leading to volume reduction and stabilization as wall as recovery and recycling of radionuclides and toxic metals. |
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Keywords: | Toxic metals radionuclides natural radioactive mineral deposits metal oxides carbonate complexes organic complexes coprecipitates uranium plutonium low-level radioactive wastes transuranic wastes coal wastes |
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