论热力学第二定律分析法

本文以热力学第一、第二两大定律为主线,分析和论证了能量及其转化的实质,阐述了(火用)、(火无)、(火用)损失、熵产生和不可逆过程等一些节能理论中常用的重要的热力学基本概念,并从获取最大有用功的角度证明了任何热力过程的理论极限就是其相应的可逆过程,而(火用)正是可逆过程中物系所能作出的最大有用功。文中对两种典型的热力学第二定律分析法——熵分析法和(火用)分析法进行了较为全面的论述,归纳给出了(火用)分析法的所有基本要点,并将其与熵分析法进行了对比讨论。

On the Energy Analysis Methods of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

In this paper,the crux of energy and its transfer is analysed,and some important fundamental thermodynamical concepts widely used in the theory of economization on energy,such as exergie, energie, exergie loss,entropy production and irreversible process,are elaborated by using both the first and the second laws of thermodynamics as guidelines. From the point of view of obtaining maximum technical work,it is shown that the theoretical limit of a actual thermodynamical process is reached in its reversible process ,and that the maximum technical work produced in the reversible process is just the magnitude of the exergie of the actual process. Based on these studies, two typical methods of the energy analysis methods of the second law of thermodynamics-Entropy Analysis Method and Exergie Analysis Method are expounded,which results in the presentation of the highlights of the Exergie Analysis Method. Its comparison with those of the Entropy Analysis Method is also given in this paper.