基于元胞传输的高速公路收费站站前广场通行能力模型

高速公路收费站的通行能力是一个重要的交通特征指标，可以为评估收费站拥堵程度和服务水平提供理论支撑，但是收费站站前广场是几何形状不规则的畸变区域，难以直接得到通行能力的显式值。元胞传输模型可以很好地简化站前广场形状，将站前广场划分为规则形状的元胞，基于元胞传输建立了站前广场通行能力模型，通过收费站监控视频采集大量数据标定模型参数，在不同站前广场长度和收费车道配置的情况下，对站前广场的理论通行能力进行了计算。为验证多场景下模型的准确性，利用VISSIM软件进行仿真，仿真参数采用相关的实测数据，为避免仿真随机性，进行多次实验取平均值，最后得出了站前广场通行能力的仿真值，通过对仿真值与计算值进行对比，验证结果误差为5.19%，误差在可接受范围内，说明了模型具有可行性。利用模型计算得到的理论通行能力与实际通行能力相互比较，作为判定收费站站前广场拥堵程度的标准，进一步为疏散拥堵提供解决方案。

CELL-TRANSMISSION-BASED TRAFFIC CAPACITY MODELING OF A HIGHWAY TOLL STATION SQUARE

The capacity of expressway toll stations is an important traffic characteristic index that can provide theoretical support for evaluating the congestion degree and service level of toll stations. However, a toll station square is a distorted area with an irregular geometric shape, so it is difficult to directly obtain an explicit traffic capacity value. A cellular transmission model can greatly simplify the shape of a toll station square and divide the square into cells with a regular shape. Based on cellular transmission, a toll station square capacity model is established. The model parameters are calibrated by collecting a large amount of data from toll station surveillance videos. To verify the accuracy of the model under multiple scenarios, VISSIM software was used for simulation, and the simulation parameters were measured data. To avoid randomness, the average value of several experiments was taken, and finally, the simulation value of the toll station square traffic capacity was obtained. By comparing the simulation value with the calculated value, the error of the verification result was 5.19%, which was within the acceptable range, showing model feasibility. The theoretical capacity calculated by the model is compared with the actual capacity, which can be used as a standard to evaluate the congestion degree of a toll station square and further provide solutions for congestion reduction.