基于知识图谱的抽水蓄能专利信息挖掘与可视化研究

抽水蓄能技术被公认为是助力实现“碳达峰、碳中和”的重要技术。为深入了解抽水蓄能的技术核心,客观探讨目前该技术的研究现状和热点问题,利用Web of science的德温特专利数据库中的抽水蓄能技术专利进行计量分析。通过知识图谱的构建并结合复杂网络分析,探究抽水蓄能技术发展过程及专利的时空分布、整体前沿技术与热点技术、专利权人间协作情况和建造抽水蓄能电站时要考虑的重要因素。结果表明：首先,抽水蓄能领域大部分技术专利来自中国,目前的前沿研究是聚焦太阳能与抽水蓄能混合发电系统、平衡网络负载和如何减少或防止功率振荡等技术。其次,机构间合作网络是无标度网络,国家电网有限公司在其中扮演着非常重要的中介角色。最后,在进行抽水蓄能电站建设时要结合地势和当地丰富的清洁能源进行具体分析,注重相关设备技术的升级换代和运营管理技术的更新。

Research on mining and visualization of pumped storage patent information based on knowledge graph

Pumped storage technology is recognized as an important technology for achieving "peak carbon and carbon neutrality". In order to understand the core of pumped storage technology and objectively discuss the current research status and hot issues of this technology, the patents of pumped storage technology in the Derwent patent database of Web of science were analyzed metrologically. The paper constructed a knowledge map and combined it with complex network analysis. The important factors can be considered by the development of pumped storage technology and the spatial and temporal distribution of patents, the overall frontier and hot technologies, the collaboration between patent rights and the significant factors to be considered when building pumped storage plants. The results are as follows. firstly, most of the technology patents in the field of pumped storage come from China. The current cutting-edge research is focused on technologies such as hybrid solar and pumped storage power generation systems, balancing network loads and how to reduce or prevent power oscillations. Secondly, the inter-institutional cooperation network is a scale-free network in which State Grid Corporation plays a very important intermediary role. Finally, the construction of pumped storage power plants should be carried out with a specific analysis of the terrain and the abundance of local clean energy. It is also necessary to focus on the upgrading of relevant equipment technologies and the updating of operation and management technologies.