滑坡涌浪对桥墩冲击波压分布规律及计算

桥墩是三峡库区的重要建筑物之一,针对滑坡涌浪对桥墩的影响,通过物理模型模拟涌浪的产生、传播以及对桥墩的作用,分析了滑坡体方量、初始浪高及库区水深等因素对桥墩所受冲击压力的影响。结果表明,不同水位条件下,同一桥墩最大冲击波压分布规律有所不同,规范计算给出的分布规律不完善;前人运用孤立波的叠加来研究涌浪所得结论在一定水深条件下才适用,深水条件下呈现波动性多峰值分布,其结论并不适用。不同岸侧的桥墩,最大冲击波压的分布规律有区别且最大值的作用位置也有所不同,在工程设计中两岸桥墩应分开计算最不利荷载情况;基于多元线性回归给出了桥墩的最大冲击波压计算公式,供工程设计计算参考。

Distribution and Calculation of Shock Wave Pressure on Pier caused by Landslide Surge

Bridge pier is one of the important buildings in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Aiming at the influence of landslide surge on bridge pier, this paper simulates the generation and propagation of surge and its effect on bridge pier by physical model, and analyses the impact of landslide volume, initial wave height and reservoir water depth on bridge pier. The results show that the maximum shock wave pressure distribution law of the same pier is different under different water level conditions, and the distribution law given by the code calculation is not perfect. The conclusions obtained by the predecessors using the superposition of solitary waves to study the surge are applicable only under certain water depth conditions, while the distribution of the maximum shock wave pressure of the same pier shows multi-peak fluctuation under deep water conditions, and the conclusions are not applicable. The distribution law of maximum shock wave pressure is different among piers on different shores and the position of maximum shock wave pressure is different. In engineering design, the most unfavorable load should be calculated separately for piers on both sides of the shore. Based on multiple linear regression, the formula for calculating maximum shock wave pressure of piers is given for reference in engineering design.