呼和浩特白塔机场鸟类生态学研究

2004年11月～2005年11月,对呼和浩特白塔机场中心点周边7km范围内的鸟类资源现状进行了调查,共记录到鸟类112种,隶属于15目34科.研究结构表明:该区有繁殖鸟类69种,非繁殖鸟类43种;69种繁殖鸟类中,古北界鸟类有58种,构成了繁殖鸟的主体,东洋界鸟类仅有6种,鸟类组成反映出典型的古北界鸟类区系特征;A区记录到鸟类79种,是鸟击防范的重点区域;鸟类常见的飞行高度为80～100 m,大多数雁形目和隼形目鸟类的飞行高度为200～300 m,该高度区间在飞机起降和爬升阶段极易发生鸟击事故;湿地、草地和林地记录到的鸟类种类较多,密度较高,是鸟击防范的重点区域.根据调查资料和吸引鸟类分布的主要环境因子的分析,提出了以生态环境治理为主和人为干扰相结合的鸟击预防对策.

Study on the Ecology of Avian in Hohhot Baita Airport

From November 11th, 2004 to November 11th, 2005,the birds in Hohhot Baita airport were investigated. 112 species were recorded, belonging to 34 families and 15 orders. The results showed that there are 69 native progenitive species and 43 un-progenitive species; 58 Palaearctic species constitute the main part of 69 native progenitive species, there are only 6 Oriental species. The bird composition reflects the typical treats of Palaearcti;Area A is the most important area to avoid bird strikes ,there are 79 species were recorded ;The general flight height of birds is 80-100 m while that of the most Anseriformes and Falconiformes is about 200 - 300 m, so that bird strike occurs easily in this height during the taking off and landing processes;Wetland, grassland and woodland as the crucial areas of bird strikes defencing because the large number and high density of birds are recorded. Based on the investigation materials and the analysis of the main environmental factors which attract birds mostly,a birdstrike preventive measure is proposed to focus mainly on the environment and ecology management and also to combine with the interferences of humanbing.