快速城市化过程与景观格局研究——以深圳经济特区为例

利用1979—2003年四期遥感图像结合景观生态学原理和方法着重分析了快速城市化过程和景观时空格局自特区设立以来的变化特征。结果表明：深圳经济特区在1979—2003年总体表现出随城市化过程，景观时空格局复杂性程度不断增加的趋势，但变化速率、强度和发展态势在4个行政区域表现出一定的分异特征，其中盐田区、罗湖区较大景观结构变化，发生在1979-1990年，表现出上述区域城市化干扰程度较轻，特别是盐田区表现为受重干扰的次数较少；福田区表现出景观时空结构变化持续时间长、外始时间早的特点与特区总体景观结构变化特征较一致；南山区主要的变化主要发生在1990年以后。同时福田区和南山区表现出多次多段干扰的迹象，受城市化干扰程度巨大。4个行政区域由于规划发展目的不同表现出不同的时空变化特点。

Relationship Between Processes of Rapid Urbanization and Landscape Temporal and Spatial Patterns-A Case Study in Shenzhen SEZ

The relationship between the process of a typical rapid urbanization and landscape temporal and spatial pattern during the period from 1979 to 2003 was studied. The landscape and class-level pattern indices in the whole Shenzhen special economical zone(SEZ) and four districts were compared.The results showed that landscape structures complexity and fragmentation in Shenzhen SEZ gradually increased from 1979 to 2003,whereas,intensity and tendency on four districts represented varied distinct features.It was a rapid development period from 1979 to 1990 in Shenzhen SEZ.Yantian and Luohu districts represent integrative slight disturbance,and urbanization process mainly took place during the period from 1979 to 1990.Urbanization in Futian district began early,while it mainly happened after 1990 in Nanshan.Futian and Nanshan districts represent the effects of frequent disturbance and severe intensity.Four districts represented varied in temporal and spatial landscape pattern resulted from different development and planning motive.