海洋波浪能研究进展及发展趋势

 海洋可再生能源是解决能源短缺与环境污染问题的重要方案之一，也是进行深远海开发、海岛建设及国防建设的重要支撑。在众多海洋可再生能源中，波浪能具有品质好、易利用、能流密度较大、分布广泛等优势，因此被广泛研究应用。为全面了解海洋波浪能研究进展，准确把握海洋波浪能发展趋势，以各种型式波浪能发电装置为出发点，综述了海洋波浪能研究进展，介绍了波浪能发电装置的工作原理、主要类型、技术、工程实例。研究发现，波浪能发电装置的技术类型未达到收敛，当前目标主要在于研发高效率、高可靠性及高可维护性的发电装置。波浪能发电装置发展趋势为以大型化及阵列化为基础进行商业化开发。

Research status and development tendency of ocean wave energy

The renewable marine energy provides a solution to the shortage of fossil fuels and the global warming issues. And it serves as an important foundation for the development of the deep sea, the island, and the national defense. Among the various types of the marine energies, the wave energy enjoys its advantages of good quality, easy utilization, high energy flux density, and wide distribution. The wave energy is widely studied and applied. The wave energy device is now a quite mature technology, with diverse forms. In this review of the research development of the marine wave energy, the wave energy devices are classified, and the current research status and development of wave energy are summarized and evaluated. The working principle, the technology, the engineering examples and the development trend of the wave energy utilization devices are analyzed. It is shown that the technique of the wave energy devices has not yet reached the mature state. A device with high efficiency, stability and maintainability is the prime aim. In the development of the wave energy devices, the commercial development on the basis of a large-scale and arrayed layout should be a focus.