近零能耗建筑概念演进、总体策略与技术框架

 近零能耗建筑以实现建筑能耗趋近于零为目标，成为当前国际社会建筑节能减排的有效途径和主要目标。通过追根溯源近零能耗建筑起源与演进历程，讨论了类似概念的异同和发展近零能耗建筑的基本思路，针对研究现状中近零能耗建筑总体策略分类，探讨了便于平衡计量的低耗能与高产能总体策略划分方法，并以此为基础建构技术框架，阐述了主要技术措施、特征与发展趋势。

Conceptual evolution,overall strategy and technical framework of nearly zero energy buildings

Nearly zero energy consumption building aims to achieve zero energy consumption and has become an effective way and a main goal of building energy conservation and emission reduction. By tracing the origin and development process of nearly zero energy consumption buildings, this article discusses the similarities and differences of similar concepts and the basic ideas towards nearly zero energy consumption buildings. In view of the classification of overall strategies of nearly zero energy consumption buildings in the current research situation, this paper also discusses the division method of overall strategies for low energy consumption and high production capacity, which is convenient for balance measurement. Based on the overall strategy, a technical framework of nearly zero energy consumption building is constructed, and the main technical measures, characteristics and development trend are described.