荷载与环境因素耦合作用下结构混凝土的耐久性与服役寿命

主要介绍了我国重大基础工程建设迅猛发展的大好形势,分析了国内外重大工程过早失效的典型事例及其对国民经济所带来的巨大损失,证明了提高重大基础工程的耐久性和服役寿命是建设中重中之重的重大举措.其中结构混凝土材料自身的耐久性是关键、是要害、也是核心.还论述了最大限度高效利用工业废渣来取代更多的水泥熟料是节能、节资、保护生态环境和走社会可持续发展的必由之路.重点讨论了如何预测结构混凝土和混凝土结构的耐久性和服役寿命,剖析了重大工程所处环境的多重性、复杂性及诸多损伤因素耦合的正负效应叠加及其交互作用,揭示了不同地区的工程均应综合考虑力学因素、环境因素及材料因素间的耦合作用及其加速工程损伤劣化的规律.为提高混凝土结构耐久性评价和寿命预测的安全性和可靠性,结合当今科研工作进行了分析.

Durability and service life of structure concrete under load and environment coupling effects

Some great constructions of infrastructures in China are introduced. The typical examples of advanced failures in infrastructures and their economic losses around the world are analyzed as well. It is put forward that improving the durability and service life of infrastructures are crucial approaches for keeping their long-term performance based on the lessons mentioned above. Wherein, the durability of structural concrete material is the key point. Fully and high-efficiently utilizing industrial residues to substitute the cement clinker in concrete is a way of saving energy and natural resources, a way of environment protection and also a way of sustainable development. Therefore, the durability and service life prediction methods of structural concrete and concrete structure are emphatically discussed. The multiplicity, complexity and mutual environmental effects on infrastructures are analyzed. The concrete structural design should be in accord with the surrounding environment and simultaneously abide by the damage law of concrete exposed to the coupling effects of loading, environmental and material factors. The approaches to improve the reliabilities of durability evaluation and service life prediction of concrete structures are also discussed based on the investigation results.