宁南旱区农田作物生产潜力综合评价及其开发对策

以宁南旱区农业气候资源为基础,对不同生态类型区、不同降水年型主要作物的热量生产潜力和降水生产潜力进行系统分析。结果表明,作物的热量生产潜力依次为:苜蓿>春小麦>马铃薯>冬小麦>谷糜>胡麻>豌豆;降水生产潜力依次为:苜蓿>马铃薯>谷糜>小麦>胡麻>豌豆。农田的总体生产潜力开发度为33 6%～42 7%,全区平均为36 8%,即尚有63 2%的生产潜力未得到发挥。此外,提出了开发和增进农田生产潜力的主要技术策略。表3,参9。

Comprehensive evaluation on the productive potential of crops and its exploitation countermeasures in south Ningxia

On the basis of agricultural resources in south Ningxia, the paper makes a systematic analysis on heat productive potential and rainfall productive potential of main crops in different rainfall years and at different ecological zones. The results show that in line with heat productive potential, the crops can be put in order as: alfalfa>spring wheat>potato>winter wheat>millet and panic>flax>pea; and in line with rainfall productive potential, the crops can be put in order as: alfalfa>potato>millet and panic>wheat>flax>pea. At present, the exploitation degree of general productive potential is 33.6%-42.7%, with the mean level of 36.8%. So there is still 63.2% of potential that has not been exploited. Moreover, it expounds the principal technological strategies to open up and to enhance productive potential of farmlands in the dry-land regions.