特色小镇分布特征的多维度分析

以住建部公布的403个国家级特色小镇为研究对象，运用空间数量模型，从自然地理属性和社会经济属性2个维度分析特色小镇的分布特征.结果表明：从自然属性空间分布特征看，特色小镇以胡焕庸线为界，其东南部密集，西北部稀疏；空间分布类型为集聚型，在江苏、浙江两省交界处形成显著的高密度核心圈层.从社会经济属性空间分布特征看，经济发展水平、城镇化水平和人口规模呈现“高-高”集聚的特色小镇，主要集中在珠三角城市群、长三角城市群和环渤海城市群周围，而中西部地区大部分特色小镇社会经济属性整体水平有待提高；超过45%的特色小镇缺乏中心城市辐射.针对特色小镇空间分布存在的问题，应从空间差异化的视角对我国特色小镇的发展进行思考.

Multidimensional Analysis of the Distribution of Characteristic Towns in China

Taking the 403 characteristic towns listed by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development as research object, this research uses the spatial quantity model to analyze the spatial distribution of characteristic towns in terms of natural geographical attributes and socio-economic attribute. The results show that, in terms of natural geographical attributes, the characteristic towns, divided by the Heihe-Tengchong line, are densely distributed in the southeast China but sparsely in the northwest China, and the spatial distribution is of clustering type. The highly dense core area is at the junction of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. In terms of socio-economic attribute, the characteristic towns with high level of economic development, high level of urbanization and population size are mainly located in the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and the urban agglomerations in Bohai Rim. However, the socio-economic development of most characteristic towns in the central and western regions needs to be improved. More than 45% of the characteristic towns lack radiance from central cities. Aiming at the present situation of spatial distribution of characteristic towns and from the perspective of regional spatial differentiation, this paper proposes some ideas on the development of characteristic town.