EMS诱变越橘的研究

用甲基磺酸乙酯和聚乙二醇处理蓝丰越橘组培苗茎尖,筛选诱变处理的最佳组合和模拟干旱处理的临界浓度,并应用主成分及隶属函数分析法对诱变前后的蓝丰、达柔组培苗进行耐旱性和耐水淹能力评价.结果表明:诱变处理的最佳组合为3%EMS处理4h,聚乙二醇的临界浓度为10%;通过主成分分析,耐旱性指标可归纳成叶绿素因子和渗透调节因子2个主成分,越橘的耐旱性由强到弱为:未经处理的达柔、未经处理的蓝丰、诱变处理后的蓝丰、诱变处理后的达柔;耐水淹能力指标可归纳成叶绿素因子、抗氧化酶因子和渗透调节因子3个主成分,越橘的耐水淹能力由强到弱为:诱变处理后的达柔、未经处理的达柔、诱变处理后的蓝丰、未经处理的蓝丰.

A Preliminary Study of Mutagenesis in Blueberry Plants with EMS

The shoot tips of the test-tube plantlets of blueberry(Vaccinium spp.) cultivars Bluecrop and Darrow were treated with EMS(ethyl methane sulphonate) at different concentrations and subjected to PEG(polyethylene glycol)-simulated drought,to determine the optimum chemical mutagenesis combination and the critical PEG concentration.Principal component analysis and membership function analysis were made to evaluate the drought resistance and water-logging tolerance of the materials before and after the treatment.The results showed that the best combination of chemical mutagenesis was EMS treatment at 3% and for 2 h and the critical PEG concentration of simulated drought was 10%.By principal component analysis and membership function analysis,the factors of chlorophyll and osmotic adjustment were shown to be the two principal components and the drought tolerance of the plantlets studied were in the order of non-EMS-treated Darrow>non-EMS-treated Bluecrop>EMS-treated Bluecrop>EMS-treated Darrow;and chlorophyll,antioxidant enzymes and osmotic adjustment were the three principal components for water-logging-resistance,which was in the order of EMS-treated Darrow>non-EMS-treated Darrow>EMS-treated Bluecrop>non-EMS-treated Bluecrop.