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卫星城镇避难场所布局优化研究
引用本文:李海君,张耀文,高 萍.卫星城镇避难场所布局优化研究[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(18).
作者姓名:李海君  张耀文  高 萍
作者单位:防灾科技学院,防灾科技学院,防灾科技学院
基金项目:河北省教育厅高等学校科学研究计划项目(Z2013027);科技部地震行业科研专项(201508009);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金项目(ZY20130205)
摘    要:为解决中小城镇避难场所系统布局优化问题,本文通过分析卫星城镇避难需求与避难场所系统层次性特征,利用P-中位数与MCLP模型确定了一套适用于卫星城镇避难场所系统优化布局方法。该方法考虑了短临避难阶段疏散距离最短与中长期避难阶段覆盖最大需求综合目标,结合规定疏散距离及实际设施容量,以典型卫星城镇为实例进行了分级分步计算优化研究。研究结果表明,本文模型方法确定的避难场所系统设施层次更为丰富、备选资源利用效率更高,且应急疏散效果相对高效。

关 键 词:层次性分析  避难场所系统  卫星城镇  模型  布局优化
收稿时间:2016/12/20 0:00:00
修稿时间:2016/12/20 0:00:00

Study on the Layout optimization of Emergency Shelter in Satellite Town
LI Haijun,ZHANG Yaowen and GAO Ping.Study on the Layout optimization of Emergency Shelter in Satellite Town[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(18).
Authors:LI Haijun  ZHANG Yaowen and GAO Ping
Institution:Institute of Disaster Prevention,Institute of Disaster Prevention,Institute of Disaster Prevention
Abstract:According to analysis of practical evacuation demands and the shelter system hierarchical characteristics of satellite town, this paper puts forward emergency shelter layout optimization method based on the combination of P-median model and MCLP model to solve the layout optimization problem rationally.By the constrains of relevant regulations required evacuation distance and facility capacity, as well as the comprehensive objective that the minimum evacuation distance in interim-short-term evacuation stage and maximum covered demand zones in long-term stage, this method has been applied to calculation and optimization of the number and location of shelter system in typical satellite town.The results from present method is proved to be richer structure hierarchy,higher utilization efficiency for limited resources and relatively higher evacuation efficiency under definite cost in study area.
Keywords:hierarchy  analysis  shelter  system  satellite  town  model  layout optimization
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