不同产量水平玉米的性状构成分析

以近3年来参加重庆市玉米预备试验的233个品种（组合）为材料，根据其该年与对照农大108的产量增幅，划分3种类型，并比较不同类型品种（组合）不同年份的穗粒、植株性状。同时还对233个品种（组合）的产量与性状进行了相关分析与通径分析。结果表明：高产类型品种（组合）表现为高秆、长穗、深粒；性状与产量相关紧密程度依次为株高、穗位高、穗长、行粒数、千粒雨、穗行数、出籽率和秃尖长，其中行粒数和下粒霞以直接作用为主，而株高、穗位高、穗长以间接作用为主。

Analysis of Trait Comosition of Maize Genotypes Differing in Their Yield Potantials

According to the extent of yield increase as compared with the control variety Nongda 108(CK), 233 varieties/combinations in the preparatory trials in recent three years in Chongqing were divided into 3 types and their traits were compared.High-yielding-type varieties/combinations were characterized by great plant height,long ear-length and long kernel-length.Correlation and path analyses showed that the correlation of yield was most closely correlated with plant height,followed in order by ear height,ear length,kernels per row,1000-kernel-weight,rows per ear,grain shelling percentage and bald top length. The effects of kernels per row and 1000-kernel-weight on yield were direct,while those of plant height, ear height and ear length were indirect.