龙脑樟枝叶的龙脑组成特点研究

利用GC-MS法检测干燥龙脑樟枝叶中的龙脑组成特点。龙脑樟的树叶与末端细枝直接用索氏提取法提取,粗枝分解成粗枝枝皮和粗枝木质部后进行提取,提取溶剂为乙醇,粗枝枝皮、粗枝木质部、末端枝条与树叶四种部位的乙醇粗提物得率分别为6.13 %、4.00 %、4.96 %和7.08%。四种粗提物分别配制成1mg·mL^-1甲醇溶液进行GC-MS检测,检出组分数分别为:22,33,30,31,其中龙脑的质量分数分别为50.62 %、24.65 %、48.65 %和70.17 %。结果表明,龙脑樟叶片中龙脑含量最高,粗枝枝皮次之,末端枝条第三,粗枝木质部最低,工业生产宜选取树叶为原料。

Study on the Composition Feature of the Natural Borneolum in the Leaves and Branches of Cinnamomum camphora

The content of the natural borneolum in the dried leaves and branches of Cinnamomum camphora was determined by GC-MS method. The dried leaves and the dried new branches were extracted directly, but the old larger branches would be cut into the branch cortices and xylems. All the materials (the dried branch cortices, the dried branch xylems, the dried new branches and the dried leaves) were extracted with ethanol solvents by Soxhlet extraction methods and the yield rates of the four crude extracts were 6.13%, 4.00%, 4.96% and 7.08%, respectively. The final concentration of the crude extract was 1 mg/mL, which was dissolved in methanol, and the natural borneolum was identified by the GC-MS database parameter. The numbers of components in the four crude extracts were 22, 33, 30 and 31, respectively. The percentages of the natural borneolum contents in the detected components were 50.62%, 24.65%, 48.65% and 70.17%, respectively. Experimental results showed that the content of natural borneolum in dried leaves was the highest, that in cortices of the dried old larger branches was the second, that in dried terminal branches was the third and that in xylems of the dried old larger branches was the lowest. In industrial production, it is better to use the leaves as the production materials to obtain the natural borneolum.