室温原子气室中基于电磁诱导透明和吸收效应的微波电场测量

基于里德堡原子的量子干涉效应,对微波电场的溯源进行测量.该方法使用室温铷原子气室作为探头,通过对双光子电磁诱导透明、三光子电磁诱导透明和三光子电磁诱导吸收效应的Autler-Townes分裂进行理论分析,并讨论了原子散粒噪声的测量极限.该方法不仅适用于微波电场的可溯源、自校准测量,还可被用于微波电场的亚波长成像以及矢量测量,将为进一步实现原子微波探头的小型化和集成化提供参考.

Microwave Electric Field Measurement Based on Electromagnetically-Induced Transparency and Absorption in Atomic Vapor Cell at Room Temperature

The traceability of microwave electric field is measured based on the Rydberg atomic quantum interference effect. The rubidium atomic vapor cell at room temperature is used as the probe, and the Autler-Townes splitting of two-photon electromagnetically-induced transparency, three-photon electromagnetically-induced transparency and three-photon electromagnetically-induced absorption effect are analyzed theoretically. The measurement limit of atomic shot noise is also discussed. This method is not only suitable for the traceability and self-calibration measurement of the microwave electric field but also for the sub-wavelength imaging and vector measurement of the microwave electric field and will provide a reference for further miniaturization and integration of the atomic microwave probe.