居民地方感的尺度偏好与影响因素研究

以南京农业大学学生为被试，通过半结构化的调查问卷，结合定量和质性分析方法，了解现有行政区划体系下居民对地方依附和地方认同的偏好尺度，分析其人口统计学差异，揭示地方感形成机制与居民地方感偏好尺度的关联.研究结果表明:(1)居民地方依附的尺度偏好呈“倒U型曲线”；地方认同的尺度偏好随尺度递减而下降. (2)年龄、独生子女与否、民族、户籍、专业、入学前的住校时间都会影响居民地方感尺度偏好. (3)地方依附和地方认同作为地方感的从属概念，均包含了情感、认知和行为的过程，都可以采用认同领域的指导性理论加以诠释.

The Scale Preference of the Residents' Sense of Place and its Factors

The students from Nanjing Agricultural University were enrolled as the subjects and data were acquired through a semi-structured questionnaire. With a combination of the qualitative and quantitative methods, data were analyzed and employed to understand the scale preference of the residents' place attachment and place identity under the present administrative division system. Furthermore, the difference of demographic variables in scale distributions of the two dimensions of sense of place (SOP) was examined and the impact of the formation mechanism of SOP on scale preference was discussed. The obtained conclusions are listed as follows. First, the scale distribution of the residents' place attachment is an inverted U-shaped curve in which the medium scales including the city and the county are most attached to while the larger scale of the province and the smaller scales such as the village and the town are much less attached to. The scale distribution of the residents' place identity is different in that the larger the scale, the more it is preferred by the subjects. Second, demographic factors including age, only-childhood, nationality, household registration, university major and length of time living in a dormitory before entering university significantly influence the residents' scale preference of SOP, either on one dimension or both. Third, as the subordinate concepts of SOP, place attachment and place identity both contain the three psychological aspects of feeling, cognition and behavior. In addition, both dimensions can be interpreted with the guiding principles of identity theory, i.e., distinctiveness, continuity, self-efficacy and self-esteem.