球形氧化锌/石墨烯复合材料的制备及其对铅酸电池循环寿命的影响

采用水热法制备了球形氧化锌/石墨烯(S-ZnO/rGO)复合材料，首先采用水热法制备S-ZnO, 再将氧化石墨(GO)和S-ZnO的混合水溶液在180 ℃下水热反应12 h，最终得到S-ZnO/rGO复合材料.以S-ZnO/rGO复合材料为铅酸蓄电池负极添加剂，探究了0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%这4种添加质量分数对铅酸电池电化学性能的影响.电化学测试结果表明:电池在高倍率部分荷电状态(HRPSoC)下的循环寿命随着复合材料添加质量分数的增加先增大后减小，其中掺入1.0% S-ZnO/rGO复合材料的电池在HRPSoC下循环性能最好，寿命可达19 158次，比普通铅酸蓄电池的寿命(7 210次)延长了165.7%.由此表明添加S-ZnO/rGO复合材料能够改善负极板的硫酸盐化现象，从而提高电池的循环稳定性.

The Synthesis of S-ZnO/rGO Composite Material and the Cycle Performance of Lead Acid Battery

A simple and effective method was developed for preparing spherical zinc oxide/graphene (S-ZnO/rGO) composite material. In the synthesis process, GO prepared with the modified Humm3' method was dissolved in deionized water and mixed with S-ZnO powder. Then, the homogeneous solution was transferred to 100 mL PTFE lined stainless-steel autoclave and put into an oven at 180 ℃ for 12 h. The product was obtained with freeze-drying for 48 h. Subsequently, it was incorporated into the negative active materials at different dosages (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%) to prepare lead-acid batteries. The electrochemical properties of the batteries were studied. According to the results, the cycle life of the battery under the high-rate partial-state-of-charge (HRPSoC) condition showed the trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the doping amount of the S-ZnO/rGO composites increasing. The battery with 1.0% S-ZnO/rGO composite exhibited the best performance of HRPSoC cycle life, reaching 19 158 cycles, and it was improved by more than 165% compared with that of the ordinary lead-acid battery (7 210 cycles).