《左传》所载"因""报""烝"考辨

就《左传》的记载来看,“因”并非一种婚姻关系,而“报”并不见容于春秋时期的宗法制度。“烝”是在婚姻伦理形成之初,在宗法制度可以容忍的范围内的一种事实婚姻。它既非群婚或转房婚的遗迹,亦不同于周边少数民族的收继婚。对于这种事实婚姻,不同地区、不同的人所持的态度是不同的,既非毫不犹豫的承认,亦非旗帜鲜明的反对。这种情况反映了春秋早期贵族阶层婚姻伦理的相对混乱状态。

Analysis on "Ying" "Bao" and "Zheng" according to ZuoZhuan

According to the recordation of zuozhuan,what is called "Ying" did not belong to marital relations and "bao" was not allowed by the patriarchal clan system in the Spring and Autumn Period."Zheng" was a sort of defacto marriage that is allowed by the patriarchal clan system during the period when the marital ethic was just being formed.It was not the relic of group marriage or brothers-marrying-to-one-wife system,and it also differed with the marital shape of minority areas.Different people had different opinions about it,which represented the troubled estates of the social marriage ethics to some extents.