“能”和“可以”的辨析

本文对“能”和“可以”的一些问题进行了探讨。探讨中得出在语义上“能”主要表示有能力，“可以”主要表示可能性。针对于一些学者认为的“能”和“可以”的义项与人称主语和疑问语气有密切关系的论断持不同的态度，经过分析得出两者义项的选择与语境的关系最为密切；本文还把“能”和“可以”的肯定与否定的不对称现象用表格的形式，清楚地列了出来；对“不可以”的扩大使用的现象通过语料库得出它使用的范围比较窄；最后，从语义、语法、语用三个方面对“能”和“可以”进行了辨析，希望对对外汉语教学有一定的作用。

The Analysis of "Can" and "May"

This paper discusses some issues about "can" and "may".In the discussion,we conclude that in the semantic "can" mainly means the capacity,but,"may" mainly means the possibility.In response to a number of scholars belief that the meaning of both "can" and"may" are closely,I have different ideas.Through analysis of the choice of both words' meaning closely related to the context,this article set out clearly the phenomenon of asymmetry in certain and uncertain of "can" and"may" in the form of tables.It studies...