熔体微分静电纺丝聚丙烯纤维的吸油性能研究

利用自制熔体微分静电纺丝装置制备不同纺丝温度条件的聚丙烯纤维。获得纤维的平均直径为810 nm,单个喷头产量达13 g/h;电纺纤维接触角分布在140°~150°,对比数据发现接触角与纤维直径无明显关系;聚丙烯纤维棉相对机油的最大初始吸油率、吸油倍率和保油率分别为235、158和62 g/g。初步探究吸油机理表明,吸油倍率随纤维直径的减小、孔隙率的增加、油品黏度的增加有增大的趋势,纤维样本重复吸/放油7次后,其吸油倍率为原来的59%~78%。

The oil sorption performance of melt differential electrospun polypropylene fibers

Polypropylene fibers were fabricated using a melt differential electrospinning device at different temperatures. Nanofibers with a fiber diameter of 810 nm were obtained with a throughput of 13 g/h per nozzle. The contact angle of the resulting fibers was in the range 140° to 150° and was independent of the fiber diameter. The maximum initial sorption capacity, oil sorption capacity and oil retention capacity of the polypropylene fiber was 235, 158 and 62 g/g, respectively. A tentative investigation of the oil sorption mechanism revealed that the sorption capacity increased with the decrease of fiber diameter, or with the increase of porosity and the increase of oil viscosity. After 7 cycles of oil sorption/desorption, the oil sorption capacity remained as high as 59%-78%.