中国居民健康支出的时空差异与环境技术弹性

工业发展中排放的环境污染对人口健康造成冲击，区域环境技术与居民健康支出密切相关.该文综合采用泰尔指数、趋同检验、分位数回归弹性等方法，重点考察中国2005年～2014年居民健康支出的时空差异特征与环境技术弹性.结果表明：1)2005年以来，各省区居民医疗保健支出均有大幅增加，支出水平总体呈现“东高、西低、中部居中”的空间格局；2)医疗保健支出总体差异主要来源于东、中、西三大地带内部，带间差异贡献较低，支出水平存在地区趋同现象；3)环境技术在低、中、高3个分位点上的弹性系数均为正值，说明在研究时段内降低工业COD、SO2排放水平有利于居民医疗保健支出的降低.

Spatio-temporal difference of heath care expenditure and its environmental technology elasticity in China

Industrial pollution had impacted on population health， and the regional environmental technology is closely related to the residents' health care expenditure. Using Theil index， convergence test and quantile regression synthetically， this paper analyzed spatio-temporal difference of heath care expenditure and its environmental technology elasticity in China from 2005 to 2014. The results show that 1) the health care expenditures in all provinces have been increasing greatly from 2005， presenting a spatial pattern of decreasing from east to west (“high in east area， middle in central area and low in west area”)； 2) the spatial difference mainly ascribed to the intra variance in the three areas rather than the inter differences among them. And the expenditure levels of the three regions had a trend of converging； 3) the elasticity coefficients of environmental technology on low， middle， and high quantile were all positive， indicating that cutting down the emission of COD and SO2 would be able to reduce the level of residents' health care expenditure.